人工湿地去除水产养殖尾水中氮磷的影响因素识别

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0640

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以水产养殖尾水中氮、磷为研究对象,基于4种流态3种类型人工湿地小试系统,探讨水力停留时间、草本盐生植物--海马齿、生物质炭、水流方式、季节和环境因子等因素对总磷、总氮和氨氮去除效果的影响。结果表明,水力停留时间为0~3 d时,水力停留时间越长,氮、磷去除效果越好,且出水电导率和pH逐渐增大;水力停留时间为3 d时,种植海马齿在一定程度上提高了总氮、总磷和氨氮去除率;在以沸石为主的系统中添加生物质炭,系统总氮和氨氮去除率显著提高,但出现磷析出现象;在4种流态中,上行垂直潜流人工湿地系统对氮、磷的去除效果最佳。电导率、溶解氧和pH均分别与总氮和总磷去除率呈显著正相关,且pH与氨氮去除率也呈显著正相关;对于不同季节而言,夏季总氮和总磷去除效率最高,春季氨氮去除效率最高,水温与总氮、总磷和氨氮去除率均呈显著正相关。

关键词: 人工湿地, 养殖尾水, 氮磷, 氨氮

Abstract: This study investigated various factors affecting the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from aquaculture wastewater. Specifically, how hydraulic retention time (HRT), herbaceous halophyte(Sesuvium portulacastrum), biomass carbon, water flow pattern, seasonal and environmental factors affecting the removal of total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) in 12 constructed wetland systems. The results show that by setting up the HRT in the range of 0 to 3 days, the removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus increased with the increase of HRT, meanwhile the conductivity and pH of effluent increased gradually. When the HRT was 3 days, S. portulacastrum plants could improve the removal rates of TN, TP, and NH₄⁺-N to a certain extent. Adding biomass carbon into zeolite-based system could significantly improve the removal rates of TN and NH₄⁺-N, however, the biomass carbon played a negative role in the removal of TP in the system. Among the four water flow patterns used in this study, the upward vertical-flow wetland systems resulted in the best removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus. Conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and pH were significantly and positively correlated with the removal rate of TN and TP, while pH was significantly and positively correlated with the removal of NH₄⁺-N. The removal efficiencies of TN and TP were the highest in summer, and the efficiency for removal of NH₄⁺-N was the highest in spring. The water temperature was positively correlated with the removal of TN, TP and NH₄⁺-N.

Key words: constructed wetland, aquaculture wastewater, nitrogen and phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen

中图分类号:

X703.1

李飞翔, 岳琛, 张超月, 张瑞瑞, 杨丽阳, 穆景利, 黄亚玲. 人工湿地去除水产养殖尾水中氮磷的影响因素识别[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(7): 925-932.

LI Fei-xiang, YUE Chen, ZHANG Chao-yue, ZHANG Rui-rui, YANG Li-yang, MU Jing-li, HUANG Ya-ling. Identification of Influencing Factors of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal from Aquaculture Wastewater by Constructed Wetlands[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(7): 925-932.

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