壳聚糖对苹果幼树根际细菌群落及其生长的影响

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.1027

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以不同砧木的2年生富士苹果幼树(分别采用平邑甜茶和八棱海棠为嫁接砧木)为试材,探讨壳聚糖对苹果幼树生长、根际土壤细菌多样性的影响。结果显示,根施壳聚糖的苹果幼树地上部干重、根干重、根冠比及新梢长度与粗度、根活力、根际速效养分均有不同程度提高,不同浓度壳聚糖增加了平邑甜茶和八棱海棠嫁接苹果幼树根系总长度、表面积、体积及根尖数,形成了以增加根长和根尖数为特征的新根构型。根施壳聚糖的苹果幼树根际细菌多样性发生了显著变化,苹果幼树根际土壤细菌以放线菌门和变形菌门为优势种群,但不同砧木又有一定差异。壳聚糖处理的细菌种群总量和特色菌总量下降,但δ-变形菌纲明显增大。不同浓度壳聚糖对不同砧木的苹果幼树根际土壤细菌群落构建的影响有较大差异,壳聚糖改变了根际土壤细菌的群落结构,可使部分特异菌属选择性富集。高浓度壳聚糖对苹果幼树的细菌菌群构成和多样性影响最大,特别是对变形菌门的种群构成、丰度影响较大。苹果幼树根构型参数及根活力与根际土壤放线菌门、变形菌门及绿弯菌门等细菌门水平丰度的改变显著相关。

关键词: 苹果, 壳聚糖, 细菌群落, 物种多样性, 植株生长

Abstract: This study invesitigated the growth and rhizosphere soil bacterial diversity of apple trees with root application of chitosan (CTS) by using 2-year-old Fuji (red Fuji/Malus hupehensis and red Fuji/M. robusta) apple seedlings of different rootstocks as test materials. The results show that the above ground dry weight, root dry weight, root-crown ratio, new shoot length and diameter, root vitality and available nutrient in rhizosphere of young apple trees with root application of CTS were all increased in different degrees. Different treatments of CTS concentrations increased the total root length, root surface area, root-volume and root tip number of young apple trees grafted with M. hupehensis and M. robusta, forming a new root configuration characterized by increasing root length and root tips number. The rhizosphere bacterial diversity of young apple trees with applying of CTS significantly changed. Actinomycetes and proteobacteria were the dominant species in rhizosphere soil of young apple trees, and there were certain differences among different rootstocks. The total bacterial population and the total number of characteristic bacteria in rhizosphere soil decreased in the young apple trees with root application of CTS, but the δ-proteobacteria increased significantly. There were differences on the bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere soil of young apple trees with different rootstocks, and the bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere soil were changed, and some specific bacteria could be selectively enriched by applying different CTS concentrations. Higher concentration of CTS had the greatest effect on the composition and diversity of bacterial community in young apple trees, especially for Proteobacteria. The root configuration parameters and root activity of young apple trees were significantly correlated with the abundances of actinomycetes, proteobacteria and Chloroflexi in the rhizosphere of apple soil.

Key words: apple, chitosan (CTS), bacterial community, species diversity, plant growth

中图分类号:

S154.3
X53

钱琛, 范伟国, 曹琪, 杨洪强. 壳聚糖对苹果幼树根际细菌群落及其生长的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(10): 1297-1307.

QIAN Chen, FAN Wei-guo, CAO Qi, YANG Hong-qiang. Effects of Chitosan on Rhizosphere Bacterial Community and Growth in the Young Apple Trees[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(10): 1297-1307.

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