西安市城市气溶胶污染岛长时间序列特征分析

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2023.0057

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 城市气溶胶污染岛(UAPI)对人体健康、城市热环境、城市气候、大气辐射传输等有重要影响。该研究利用西安市2016-2019年城郊多个站点的PM_2.5数据定量化计算UAPI强度,分析PM_2.5和UAPI强度的日变化和年变化规律,并使用经验模态分解方法(EMD)对UAPI强度的长时间序列多尺度特征进行分析。结果表明,西安市具有明显的城市气溶胶污染岛效应,UAPI强度大于10 μg·m^-3的比例达87.63%。在日内变化上,UAPI强度呈现夜晚高、白天低的特点;在年内变化上,呈现冬春高、夏秋低的"U"型分布特征;在年际变化上,2016-2019年UAPI效应呈逐年减弱的变化特征。利用EMD分解可以很好地揭示UAPI强度的多尺度特征,如IMF2、IMF4、IMF6分别体现了UAPI强度以周、月、年为周期的变化特征。对比PM_2.5和UAPI强度的时间序列,该方法可以较好地排除跨区域传输污染和大区域二次污染等对UAPI强度的影响。

关键词: PM_2.5, 城市气溶胶污染岛, 城乡差异, 经验模态分解

Abstract: Urban aerosol pollution island (UAPI) has significant impacts on human health, urban thermal environment, urban climate, atmospheric radiation transmission, etc. In this paper, the PM_2.5data of multiple stations in Xi'an from 2016 to 2019 were used to quantitatively calculate the intensity of UAPI, and then the daily and annual variations of PM_2.5 and the intensity of UAPI were analyzed. Additionally, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method was employed to analyze the multi-scale characteristics of the long-term time series of UAPI intensity. The results show that there was obvious urban aerosol pollution island effect in Xi'an, and the proportion of UAPI intensity greater than 10 μg/m³ reached 87.63%. In terms of intraday variations, UAPI intensity exhibited a characteristic of being higher at night and lower during the day time; in the annual variations, a "U"-shaped distribution was observed with higher values in winter and spring, and lower values in summer and autumn. On an interannual scale, the UAPI effect showed a gradual weakening trend from 2016 to 2019. The EMD decomposition can effectively reveal the multi-scale characteristics of UAPI intensity, such as IMF2, IMF4, and IMF6, which respectively reflect the characteristics of UAPI intensity with weekly, monthly, and annual cycles. By comparing PM_2.5 time series with UAPI time series, this study can be helpful for the effective elimination of the influence of cross regional transmission pollution and large-scale secondary pollution on the intensity of UAPI.

Key words: PM_2.5, urban aerosol pollution island (UAPI), urban-rural differences, empirical mode decomposition (EMD)

中图分类号:

X171.5

李芮, 陈健, 陆嘉栋, 祝善友. 西安市城市气溶胶污染岛长时间序列特征分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2024, 40(4): 490-498.

LI Rui, CHEN Jian, LU Jia-dong, ZHU Shan-you. Analysis of Long Time Series Characteristics of Urban Aerosol Pollution Island in Xi'an[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2024, 40(4): 490-498.

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