Abstract: The sheltelterbelt nets of farmland of Xiao Zhang Zhuang village in Ying Shang county, Anhui Province was selected as the object of study, The authors have investigated the structure and arrangement of the forest region,effects of the shelterbelt nets of farmland on regulation of local climate improvement of soil fertility and increase in the grain production. The results show clearly that more than 90% of the structure and arrangement of the shelterbelt nets of farmland in this village is reasonable. During the dry hot season the nets can decrease wind speed by an average of 47.7%, air temperature vvith 0.6-l.3℃, and moisture evaporation by 18.9%. It also can increase relative humidity by5.38-10.76%, wheat yield by an average of 21.6%. AH of these showed that the nets can eff iciently improve the farmland eco-environment and raise its potential in defence netural calamities and crop yields. It promotes the rural ecosystem construction in this village.