Abstract: The Great Canal is the major water transport route, which plays an extremely important role in the economic development and people’s living in southern Jiangsu, but is heavily polluted in recent years. The situation of its application must be investigated before its pollution can be controlled.Based on the water monitoring data of the Great Canal in Southern Jiangsu from 1984 to 1987, the pollutant’ s three-dimentional characteristics in quantity, time and space are analysed. The principle of the fuzzy method is used to establish the experienced-possible distribution model in relative destruction at the function of water body. The harmful order of the selected ten pollutants in the Great Canal in southern Jiangsu is arrabged. The results show that water pollution in the Great Canal in southern Ji an gsu is mainly caused by organic pollutants. The characteristics of various pollutants in the Canal are also clarified. The study would be benefit to the management of the Great Canal in southern Jiangsu.