颗粒无烟煤活性炭去除水体中低浓度磷酸盐研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0796

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨颗粒无烟煤活性炭对水体中低浓度磷酸盐的吸附优化条件、去除效果及其机理，利用小试实验开展不同吸附剂量、温度、吸附时间和pH值等对磷酸盐的吸附影响研究。利用等温吸附、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线能谱（XRD）、颗粒Zeta电位、扫描电镜（SEM）表征无烟煤活性炭吸附磷酸盐的特征和机理。结果表明：吸附体系中不同pH值和温度条件对颗粒活性炭吸附磷酸盐的效果影响不同，pH值为6.0时对磷酸盐吸附效果最好，并且在高温条件下有利于活性炭对磷酸盐的吸附。对低浓度磷酸盐〔ρ（PO₄^3-）=2 mg·L^-1〕，颗粒无烟煤活性炭的优化吸附条件为：活性炭用量为10 g·L^-1、吸附时间为6 h、pH值为6.0、温度为25 ℃，磷酸盐的去除率可达80%。颗粒活性炭对磷酸盐的等温吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich模型，说明对磷酸盐的吸附同时具有物理和化学作用，即磷酸盐不但与活性炭表面官能团之间存在相互吸附作用，且与活性炭上存在的金属离子沉淀作用有关。

关键词: 磷酸盐, 吸附, 颗粒无烟煤活性炭, 低浓度, 机理

Abstract:

In order to clarify the optimum conditions, removal effect and mechanism of low concentration phosphate from aqueous solution by particle anthracite activated carbon (AC). A pilot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of adsorbent dose, temperature range, adsorption time, and pH on phosphate removal. Characterization and mechanism of phosphate adsorption on anthracite activated carbon by isothermal adsorption, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray energy spectrum (XRD) and Zeta potential,SEM were studied. The results show that different pH and temperature conditions in the adsorption system have different effects on the adsorption of phosphate on particle activated carbon, and the adsorption effect was the best when pH was 6.0, and it is advantageous to the adsorption of phosphate on activated carbon at high temperature. The optimum adsorption conditions for particle anthracite activated carbon to low concentration phosphate (2 mg·L^-1) were as follows:10 g·L^-1 of anthracite activated carbon, 6 h of adsorption time, 6.0 of the pH, and the removal rate of phosphate was 80%, at 25℃. The isothermal adsorption of phosphate on particle activated carbon followed Langmuir and Freundlich models, which showed that the activated carbon had both physical and chemical adsorption on phosphate. So that there was not only mutual adsorption between phosphate and surface functional groups of activated carbon, but also the removal of phosphate was related to the precipitation of metal ions on activated carbon. Therefore, this study provides a basis for the advanced treatment of low concentration phosphate wastewater with anthracite activated carbon.

Key words: phosphate, adsorption, particle anthracite activated carbon, low concentration, mechanism

中图分类号:

常会庆, 朱晓辉, 郑彩杰, 焦常锋, 王启震, 吴杰. 颗粒无烟煤活性炭去除水体中低浓度磷酸盐研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(8): 1058-1063.

CHANG Hui-qing, ZHU Xiao-hui, ZHENG Cai-jie, JIAO Chang-feng, WANG Qi-zhen, WU Jie. Removal of Low Concentration Phosphate From Aqueous Solution by Particle Anthracite Activated Carbon[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(8): 1058-1063.

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