活化温度对桉树皮基活性炭的特性影响及吸附性能研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0442

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以速生桉树（Eucalyptus robusta）皮为原料，焦磷酸钾为活化剂，采用响应曲面法研究了不同剂料比、活化温度、升温速率及活化时间对制备活性炭的影响。借助X射线衍射（XRD）、比表面积和孔隙分析仪、傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）、激光拉曼光谱（laser-Raman spectrum）等分析方法对不同炭化温度下制备的活性炭进行物理化学性质的表征，并考察其对碘和盐酸四环素的吸附性能。结果显示，通过二次多项模型得到的最佳制备条件为：剂料比0.9，活化温度710℃，升温速率30℃·min^-1，活化时间30 min，制备的活性炭比表面积为611.373 m²·g^-1，总孔容积为0.537 9 cm³·g^-1，平均孔径为3.52 nm，对碘的吸附值为1 225 mg·g^-1。该活性炭对盐酸四环素的吸附受孔径分布和表面化学性质的共同控制，吸附行为符合Langmuir等温吸附模型。

关键词: 速生桉树皮, 活性炭, 物化特性, 盐酸四环素, 吸附

Abstract: Activated carbons were prepared from fast-growing Eucalyptus robusta bark by potassium pyrophosphate activation. The effects of different dosage ratio (activating agent/raw material), activation temperature, heating rate and activation time were investigated by response surface method. The physicochemical properties of activated carbon in various carbonization temperature preparation were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area and pore size analyzer. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), laser-Raman spectrum(LRS) and the adsorption performance of fast-growing Eucalyptus robusta bark activated carbon on iodine and tetracycline hydrochloride were analyzed. It was found that the optimal process conditions were obtained by the quadratic polynomial model as the followings:The dosage ratios was 0.9. The temperature was 710℃. The heating rate was 30℃·min^-1. The activation time was 30 min. The specific surface area of the obtained activated carbon was 611.373 m²·g^-1. The pore volume was 0.537 9 cm³·g^-1. The average pore diameter was 3.52 nm. The adsorption value of activated carbon for iodine was 1 225 mg·g^-1. The adsorption of tetracycline hydrochloride by fast-growing Eucalyptus robusta bark activated carbon was controlled by pore size distribution and surface chemistry and the adsorption behavior was consistent with the Langmuir model.

Key words: fast-growing Eucalyptus robusta bark, activated carbon, physicochemical properties, tetracycline hydrochloride, adsorption

中图分类号:

刘峥, 韦梦琴, 杜玥莹, 冯庆革, 张小娟, 孙翔, 马大朝. 活化温度对桉树皮基活性炭的特性影响及吸附性能研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(2): 265-271.

LIU Zheng, WEI Meng-qin, DU Yue-ying, FENG Qing-ge, ZHANG Xiao-juan, SUN Xiang, MA Da-chao. Effect of Activation Temperature on the Properties and Adsorption Performance of Eucalyptus robusta Based Activated Carbon[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(2): 265-271.

参考文献

[1] 梁灵华.广西桉树人工林可持续性发展分析[J].绿色科技,2018(3):103-104.
[2] 邓小垦,董存明,辛侃,等.香蕉茎秆、桉树皮和猪粪不同配比堆肥研究[J].生态与农村环境学报,2014,30(5):658-663.[DENG Xiao-ken,DONG Cun-ming,XIN Kan,et al. Comparative Study on Effects of Composting of Banana Stem,Eucalyptus Bark and Swine Manure Relative to Ratio of Ingredients[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2014,30(5):658-663.]
[3] 陈玲.速生桉林业废弃物去除水中铅、镍、铬离子的研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2013.[CHEN Ling.Use of Eucalyptus urophylla Waste as Sorbents to Remove Lead,Nickel and Chromium Ions From Aqueous Solution[D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2013.]
[4] 孙骏婷.蚕茧基分级多孔炭材料的制备及其应用研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2017.[SUN Jun-ting.The Preparation and Application of the Hierarchically Porous Carbon Materials Derived From Silkworm Cocoon[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Chemical Technology,2017.]
[5] ZHU J,LI Y H,XU L,et al.Removel of Toluene From Waste Gas by Adsorption-Desorption Process Using Corncob-Based Activated Carbons as Adsorbents[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2018,165:115-125.
[6] ZHANG P,SUN H W,REN C,et al.Sorption Mechanisms of Neonicotinoids on Biochars and the Impact of Deashing Treatments on Biochar Structure and Neonicotinoids Sorption[J].Environmental Pollution,2018,234:812-820.
[7] WANG Y X,NGO H H,GUO W S.Preparation of a Specific Bamboo Based Activated Carbon and Its Application for Ciprofloxacin Removal[J].Science of the Total Environment,2015,533:32-39.
[8] MA X C,LI L Q,CHEN R F,et al.Porous Carbon Materials Based on Biomass for Acetone Adsorption:Effect of Surface Chemistry and Porous Structure[J].Applied Surface Science,2018,459:657-664.
[9] 刘晓.沙柳基活性炭的制备及其对水体中抗生素的吸附研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2018.[LIU Xiao.Preparation of Activated Carbon Based on Salix psammophila and the Research on the Adsorption Behavior for Antibiotics From Aqueous Solution[D].Zhengzhou:Zhengzhou University,2018.]
[10] SING K S W.Reporting Physisorption Data for Gas/Solid Systems With Special Reference to the Determination of Surface Area and Porosity[J].Pure & Applied Chemistry,1985,57(4):603-619.
[11] LI J J,XU X Y,HAO Z P,et al. Mesoporous Silica Supported Cobalt Oxide Catalysts for Catalytic Removal of Benzene[J].Journal of Porous Materials,2008,15(2):163-169.
[12] SUN Y Y,YUE Q Y,MAO Y P,et al.Enhanced Adsorption of Chromium Onto Activated Carbon by Microwave-Assisted H₃PO₄ Mixed With Fe/Al/Mn Activation[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2014,265:191-200.
[13] MARSHALL C P,JAVAUX E J,KNOLL A H,et al.Combined Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Micro-Raman Spectroscopy of Proterozoic Acritarchs:A New Approach to Palaeobiology[J].Precambrian Research,2005,138(3/4):208-224.
[14] TERMEHYOUSEFI A,BAGHERI S,SHINJI K,et al. Fast Synthesis of Multilayer Carbon Nanotubes From Camphor Oil as an Energy Storage Material[J].Biomed Research International,2014.DOI:10.1155/2014/691537.
[15] CAUNII A,PRIBAC G,GROZEA I,et al. Design of Optimal Solvent for Extraction of Bio-Active Ingredients From Six Varieties of Medicago Sativa[J].Chemistry Central Journal,2012,6(1):123.
[16] 李一冉.香蒲活性炭的制备、原位改性及对抗生素和重金属的吸附机理研究[D].济南:山东大学,2018.[LI Yi-ran.Preparation and In-Situ Modification of Activated Carbon From Typha orientalis and Investigation on Its Adsorption Mechanism of Antibiotics and Heavy Metalion[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2018.]
[17] 覃理嘉.蔗渣基生物质炭的制备及其对水中四环素的吸附研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2017.[QIN Li-jia.Research on the Preparation of Bagasse and Adsorption of Tetracycline From Aqueous Solution[D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2017.]