施用石灰对镉胁迫下三七皂苷产量及相关酶活性的影响

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0696

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过大田实验，研究不同石灰施用量对Cd胁迫〔w（Cd）为6 mg·kg^-1〕下三七的生物量、皂苷含量以及合成皂苷相关酶〔鲨烯环氧酶（SE）、达玛烯二醇合成酶（DS）、细胞色素P450单加氧酶、糖基转移酶（GT）〕活性的影响。结果表明，随着石灰施用量的增加，三七生物量也不断增加，三七Cd含量降低。在镉胁迫下，施用3 750 kg·hm^-2石灰，三七各部位生物量、皂苷含量最高，SE和DS活性最强，Cd含量最低，细胞色素P450单加氧酶和GT活性最小，三七各部位Cd含量依次为须根 > 剪口 > 茎叶 > 主根。镉胁迫下，施加750、2 250和3 750 kg·hm^-2石灰，单体皂苷R1（三七皂苷）、Rg1（人参皂苷）、Rb1（人参皂苷）含量较对照有所提高，主根细胞色素P450单加氧酶活性较对照分别显著降低11%、21%、28%，GT活性分别显著降低13%、33%、40%，三七主根SE活性分别显著增加18%、42%、61%，DS活性分别显著增加7%、28%、54%。因此，在Cd胁迫下施加石灰能够缓解Cd对三七的毒害，减轻Cd胁迫对皂苷含量以及皂苷合成相关酶活性的抑制作用。

关键词: 石灰, Cd, 三七, 皂苷, 酶

Abstract: Field experiments were conducted to understand the effects of lime application on biomass, saponin content and activities of enzymes: squaleneepoxidase (SE), dammaraneediol synthase (DS), cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase and glycosyltransferase (GT) related to saponin synthesis of Panax notoginseng under cadmium stress(cadmium content 6 mg·kg^-2). The results show that the biomass of Panax notoginseng increased and Cd contents in Panax notoginseng decreased with the increase of lime application rates. Under Cd stress and application of 3 750 kg·hm^-2 lime, biomass and saponin content, SE and DS activities were the highest; Cd contents, P450 mono-oxygenase and GT activities in all parts of Panax notoginseng were the lowest. Cd contents in each part were in the order of fibrous root >rhizome>shoot> main root. The cytochrome P450 and GT activity in each part were significantly reduced by 11%, 21%, 28% and 13%, 33%, 40%, respectively, under 750, 2 250 and 3 750 kg·hm^-2 lime application compared with no lime application and the contents of R1, Rg1 and Rb1 improved, the SE and DS activities of the main root of Panax notoginseng increased significantly by 18%, 42%, 61% and 7%, 28%, 54%, respectively. Therefore, under Cd stress, the application of lime could alleviate the toxicity of Cd on Panax notoginseng, and reduce the inhibition of Cd stress on saponin content and related enzyme activities.

Key words: lime, cadmium, Panax notoginseng, saponin, enzyme

中图分类号:

李娜, 梅馨月, 李琦, 祖艳群. 施用石灰对镉胁迫下三七皂苷产量及相关酶活性的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(4): 515-521.

LI Na, MEI Xin-yue, LI Qi, ZU Yan-qun. Effect of Lime Application on Yield of Saponins and Related Enzymes Activities of Panax notoginseng Under Cadmium Stress[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(4): 515-521.

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