国内外医疗废物管理与处置现状分析及对策建议

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0451

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 1505-1513.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0451

国内外医疗废物管理与处置现状分析及对策建议

张胜田¹, 李梅^1,2, 李群¹, 范婷婷¹, 刘景亮^1,3, 邓绍坡¹, 陈纪赛⁴

1. 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所/国家环境保护土壤环境管理与污染控制重点实验室, 江苏南京 210042;
2. 上海勘察设计研究院(集团)有限公司, 上海 200093;
3. 南京晓庄学院环境科学学院, 江苏南京 211171;
4. 南京中船绿洲环保有限公司, 江苏南京 210039

收稿日期:2020-06-10 出版日期:2020-12-25 发布日期:2020-12-23
通讯作者: 李群 E-mail:liqun@nies.org
作者简介:张胜田(1976-),男,山东莒县人,研究员,博士,研究方向为土壤污染防治。E-mail:zst@nies.org
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0806307）

Analysis of the Disposal of Medical Waste Management at Home and Abroad and Suggestions on Countermeasures

ZHANG Sheng-tian¹, LI Mei^1,2, LI Qun¹, FAN Ting-ting¹, LIU Jing-liang^1,3, DENG Shao-po¹

1. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control/Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China;
2. SGIDI Engineering Consulting(Group) Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200093, China;
3. School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China;
4. CSSC Nanjing Lüzhou Environmental Protection Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210039, China

Received:2020-06-10 Online:2020-12-25 Published:2020-12-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2020年新冠肺炎疫情大规模爆发，医疗废物环境管理和安全处理引起了国家和民众的高度关注。发达国家已建立了较为完善的医疗废物管理体系，我国医疗废物相关管理制度及处置措施等尚有待进一步完善。通过系统梳理国内外医疗废物的产生、管理和处置现状，总结了我国医疗废物管理及处置方面存在的问题，并借鉴国外经验提出强化医疗废物分类收集管理制度、确立生产者回收制度、充分落实集中处理制度、加强各环节的全过程跟踪管理、深化处置技术研发和构建医疗废物应急处置管理体系等建议，以期为我国该领域的进一步规范发展提供参考。

关键词: 医疗废物, 管理体系, 应急处置, 对策建议

Abstract: The widespread outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 has aroused great concern of the government and the public on the environmental management and safe disposal of medical wastes. Developed countries have established a relatively comprehensive medical waste management system, while the China's medical waste management system and treatment methods still need to be improved. The current status of the production, management and disposal of medical wastes were analyzed systematically in this paper to summarize and analyze the problems of medical waste management and disposal in China. Learned from the foreign practices, effective methods such as strengthening the classified medical waste collection management system, the establishment of the producers responsible recycling system, the full implemention of the centralized processing system, the strengthening of the whole process of tracking management of each link, the deepening of the disposal technology research, and the building of the emergency disposal of medical wastes management system were put forward to provide references for further standardizing the development in this field.

Key words: medical waste, management system, emergency disposal, suggestions

中图分类号:

X799.5
X321

张胜田, 李梅, 李群, 范婷婷, 刘景亮, 邓绍坡, 陈纪赛. 国内外医疗废物管理与处置现状分析及对策建议[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(12): 1505-1513.

ZHANG Sheng-tian, LI Mei, LI Qun, FAN Ting-ting, LIU Jing-liang, DENG Shao-po. Analysis of the Disposal of Medical Waste Management at Home and Abroad and Suggestions on Countermeasures[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(12): 1505-1513.

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国内外医疗废物管理与处置现状分析及对策建议

Analysis of the Disposal of Medical Waste Management at Home and Abroad and Suggestions on Countermeasures

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