三峡库区生态系统服务时空变化及权衡与协同关系研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0814

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 科学探讨区域生态系统服务的权衡与协同关系，对高效配置环境资源和指导生态环境管理具有重要意义。基于土地利用、气象观测、土壤和社会经济统计数据，分别计算并识别了三峡库区2000、2010和2018年水源涵养、土壤保持、碳固持和生物多样性维持4种生态系统服务及其时空变化，并从全域和基于热点区的综合分区2种尺度分析了生态系统服务之间的权衡与协同关系。结果表明：（1）2000-2018年，三峡库区水源涵养和土壤保持服务数值先降低后上升，空间格局变化明显；碳固持服务数值逐年上升，过去19 a共提高11.45%；生物多样性服务空间格局基本保持不变，但2018年出现轻微下降，需警惕生态退化风险。（2）三峡库区非热点区、2类热点区和4类热点区面积占比呈先上升后下降趋势；1类热点区和3类热点区面积占比呈先下降后上升趋势。（3）三峡库区全域尺度下，各种生态系统服务均表现为协同关系；受区域土地利用类型和自然资源的影响，综合分区尺度下不同热点区生态系统服务之间的相关系数与全域尺度下相比存在明显差异。

关键词: 生态系统服务, 权衡与协同, 热点区, 三峡库区

Abstract: Exploring the trade-offs and synergies between regional ecosystem services and the allocation of environmental resources is critically important for guiding the management of ecological environment. Data on land use, meteorological observations, and soil and socio-economic statistics were collected in 2000, 2010, and 2018 to characterize spatio-temporal changes in four types of ecosystem services, including water conservation, soil conservation, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity maintenance in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. The trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services were analyzed at two spatial scales: the global scale and comprehensive zoning based on hot spots. The results show that: (1) From 2000 to 2018, water conservation and soil conservation services in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area first decreased and then increased, and there was a significant change in their spatial pattern. Carbon fixation increased annually, with a total increase of 11.45% from 2000 to 2018. The spatial pattern of biodiversity remained unchanged, but there was a small decrease in 2018; thus, the risk of ecological degradation requires increased attention. (2) In the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the proportion of non-hot spot areas, type 2 hot spot areas, and type 4 hot spot areas first increased and then decreased; the proportion of type 1 hot areas and type 3 hot areas first decreased and then increased. (3) There was synergy between all types of ecosystem services in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area at the global scale, and the correlation coefficients of ecosystem services between different hot spots and global scale were significantly different because of variation in regional land-use types and natural resources.

Key words: ecosystem service, trade-off and synergy, hotspot, the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

中图分类号:

孟浩斌, 周启刚, 李明慧, 周浪, 刘栩位, 彭春花. 三峡库区生态系统服务时空变化及权衡与协同关系研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(5): 566-575.

MENG Hao-bin, ZHOU Qi-gang, LI Ming-hui, ZHOU Lang, LIU Xu-wei, PENG Chun-hua. Study of the Spatio-temporal Changes in Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs/Synergies Relationship in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(5): 566-575.

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