基于承载力提升视角的村镇资源环境承载力评价研究:以北京大兴区采育镇为例

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0875

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 资源环境承载力评价是一系列国土空间规划的基础，是空间管控底线的重要组成部分。以北京大兴区采育镇作为案例区进行村镇尺度承载力评价探索，建立基于"驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应"即DPSIR模型的承载力综合指标体系，分析镇内资源环境状况，得到各村承载力评价分级结果和基于承载力提升的空间规划方案评估结果。结果表明，采育镇内各村资源环境状态存在较大差异，这主要是由于各村人口密度、用地集约程度差异导致，也与各村用地结构、经济发展模式直接相关。该研究对未来小尺度承载力评价思路提出展望，同时为其他地区小尺度资源环境承载力评价提供参考。

关键词: 资源环境承载力, 空间规划, DPSIR模型, 北京

Abstract: The evaluation of resources and environment carrying capacity is the basis of spatial planning and a key part of spatial governance. The existing research on capacity calculation focuses on large spatial units such as provinces, cities and counties, and the evaluation of carrying capacity at small-scale is relatively scarce, which cannot meet the needs of environmental management of villages and townships. In this study, Caiyu Township in Daxing District of Beijing is taken as a case to evaluate the carrying capacity of villages and townships. A comprehensive index system of carrying capacity based on DPSIR model is established to analyze the resources and environment conditions in Caiyu Township. The grading results of carrying capacity evaluation of each village of Caiyu Township and the evaluation of space planning scheme based on the enhancement of carrying capacity are presented, and the results show that there are great differences in resources and environment status among villages in Caiyu Township due to the variety of population density and land use intensity related to the land use structure and economic development mode of the villages. This paper concludes with the future research of carrying capacity evaluation at small-scale, which can provide reference for other regions.

Key words: resources and environment carrying capacity, spatial planning, DPSIR model, Beijing

中图分类号:

K901.8
X144

于江浩, 田莉. 基于承载力提升视角的村镇资源环境承载力评价研究:以北京大兴区采育镇为例[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(7): 843-851.

YU Jiang-hao, TIAN Li. Evaluation of Resources and Environment Carrying Capacity of Villages and Townships from the Perspective of Carrying Capacity Enhancement: A Case of Caiyu Township, Daxing District, Beijing[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(7): 843-851.

参考文献 24

[1]	中共中央、国务院.关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的若干意见[J].城市规划通讯,2019(11):1-4.
[2]	顾朝林,曹根榕.论新时代国土空间规划技术创新[J].北京规划建设,2019(4):64-70.
[3]	PARK R E,BURGESS E W.Introduction to the Science of Sociology[M].Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,1921:15-22.
[4]	ODUM E P.Fundamentals of Ecology[M].Philadelphia:W.B.Saunders Co.,1971:66-90.
[5]	UNESCO,FAO.Carrying Capacity Assessment with a Pilot Study of Kenya:A Resource Accounting Methodology for Exploring National Options for Sustainable Development[R].Rome:FAO,1985.
[6]	封志明,杨艳昭,闫慧敏,等.百年来的资源环境承载力研究:从理论到实践[J].资源科学,2017,39(3):379-395.[FENG Zhi-ming,YANG Yan-zhao,YAN Hui-min,et al.A Review of Resources and Environment Carrying Capacity Research since the 20th Century:From Theory to Practice[J].Resources Science,2017,39(3):379-395.]
[7]	刘东,封志明,杨艳昭,等.中国粮食生产发展特征及土地资源承载力空间格局现状[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(7):1-6,398.[LIU Dong,FENG Zhi-ming,YANG Yan-zhao,et al.Characteristics of Grain Production and Spatial Pattern of Land Carrying Capacity of China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2011,27(7):1-6,398.]
[8]	刘滨,陈美球,罗志军,等.鄱阳湖生态经济区主体功能分区研究[J].中国土地科学,2009,23(7):55-60.[LIU Bin,CHEN Mei-qiu,LUO Zhi-jun,et al.Main Function Zoning in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Region[J].China Land Science,2009,23(7):55-60.]
[9]	徐卫华,杨琰瑛,张路,等.区域生态承载力预警评估方法及案例研究[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(3):306-312.[XU Wei-hua,YANG Yan-ying,ZHANG Lu,et al.Evaluation Methods and Case Study of Regional Ecological Carrying Capacity for Early-warning[J].Progress in Geography,2017,36(3):306-312.]
[10]	高吉喜,陈圣宾.依据生态承载力优化国土空间开发格局[J].环境保护,2014,42(24):12-18.[GAO Ji-xi,CHEN Sheng-bin.Optimize the Spacial Structure Based on Ecological Capacity[J].Environmental Protection,2014,42(24):12-18.]
[11]	叶菁,谢巧巧,谭宁焱.基于生态承载力的国土空间开发布局方法研究[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(11):262-271.[YE Jing,XIE Qiao-qiao,TAN Ning-yan.National Land Spatial Pattern Distribution Method Based on Ecological Carrying Capacity[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2017,33(11):262-271.]
[12]	董文,张新,池天河.我国省级主体功能区划的资源环境承载力指标体系与评价方法[J].地球信息科学学报,2011,13(2):177-183.[DONG Wen,ZHANG Xin,CHI Tian-he.Index System and Evaluation Methods of Resources and Environment Carrying Capacity in Principal Function Area Division at Provincial Level[J].Journal of Geo-information Science,2011,13(2):177-183.]
[13]	毕岑岑,王铁宇,吕永龙.基于资源环境承载力的渤海滨海城市产业结构综合评价[J].城市环境与城市生态,2011,24(2):19-22.[BI Cen-cen,WANG Tie-yu,LÜ Yong-long.Integrated Assessment on Industrial Structure of Bohai Sea Coastal Cities Using Resources and Their Environment Carrying Capacity as Indicator[J].Urban Environment & Urban Ecology,2011,24(2):19-22.]
[14]	刘晓丽.基于资源环境承载力的生态城市规划指标体系研究[C]//经济发展方式转变与自主创新:第十二届中国科学技术协会年会论文集.福州:[出版者不详],2010:710-718.
[15]	中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅.中办国办印发《关于建立资源环境承载能力监测预警长效机制的若干意见》[N].人民日报,2017-09-21(1).
[16]	袁国华,王世虎,罗世兴,等.资源环境承载力监测预警机制研究[R].北京:国土资源部,2015.
[17]	费频频,杨京平.杭嘉湖水网平原村域水环境污染及其负荷分析[J].环境科学与技术,2011,34(4):104-109.[FEI Pin-pin,YANG Jing-ping.Analysis of Water Environment Pollution and Pollution Load at Village Scale in Hang-Jia-Hu Water-net Plain[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2011,34(4):104-109.]
[18]	黄秋森,赵岩,许新宜,等.基于弹簧模型的资源环境承载力评价及应用:以内蒙古自治区陈巴尔虎旗为例[J].自然资源学报,2018,33(1):173-184.[HUANG Qiu-sen,ZHAO Yan,XU Xin-yi,et al.Evaluation of Resources and Environmental Carrying Capacity Based on Spring Model:Taking Chen Barag Banner in Inner Mongolia as an Example[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2018,33(1):173-184.]
[19]	叶有华,韩宙,孙芳芳,等.小尺度资源环境承载力预警评价研究:以大鹏半岛为例[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(8):1275-1283.[YE You-hua,HAN Zhou,SUN Fang-fang,et al.Early-warning for Environmental and Resource Carrying Capacity on Small Scale:A Case Study of Dapeng Peninsula,Guangdong[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2017,26(8):1275-1283.]
[20]	刘彦随.中国新时代城乡融合与乡村振兴[J].地理学报,2018,73(4):637-650.[LIU Yan-sui.Research on the Urban-rural Integration and Rural Revitalization in the New Era in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2018,73(4):637-650.]
[21]	郑小玉,刘彦随.新时期中国"乡村病"的科学内涵、形成机制及调控策略[J].人文地理,2018,33(2):100-106.[ZHENG Xiao-yu,LIU Yan-sui.Connotation,Formation Mechanism and Regulation Strategies of Rural Disease in the New Epoch in China[J].Human Geography,2018,33(2):100-106.]
[22]	董玥玥.城乡一体化导向的农村环境污染治理研究[J].农业经济,2016(5):15-16.
[23]	周璞,王昊,刘天科,等.自然资源环境承载力评价技术方法优化研究:基于中小尺度的思考与建议[J].国土资源情报,2017(2):19-24,18.[ZHOU Pu,WANG Hao,LIU Tian-ke,et al.Research of Evaluation Method Optimization for Natural Resources Environmental Bearing Capacity:Thoughts and Suggestions Based on Meso- and Micro-scale[J].Land and Resources Information,2017(2):19-24,18.]
[24]	SAATY T L,KEARNS K P.The Analytic Hierarchy Process[M]//Analytical Planning.Amsterdam:Elsevier,1985:10-21.