基于计算机流体力学的城市近郊湖泊“湿岛效应”情景模拟研究:以长沙市同升湖为例

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0287

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 670-680.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0287

• 污染控制与修复 • 上一篇

基于计算机流体力学的城市近郊湖泊“湿岛效应”情景模拟研究:以长沙市同升湖为例

张伟^1,2,3,4, 陈存友^1,2,3, 胡希军^1,2,3, 梁胜^1,2,3, 王凯丽^1,2,3, 杜心宇^1,2,3, 刘路云^1,2,3

1. 中南林业科技大学风景园林学院, 湖南长沙 410004;
2. 中南林业科技大学湖南省自然保护地风景资源大数据工程技术研究中心, 湖南长沙 410004;
3. 中南林业科技大学城乡景观生态研究所, 湖南长沙 410004;
4. 五矿矿业安徽开发有限公司, 安徽合肥 230000

收稿日期:2021-05-07 出版日期:2022-05-25 发布日期:2022-05-25
通讯作者: 陈存友,E-mail:81698514@qq.com E-mail:81698514@qq.com
作者简介:张伟(1995-),男,安徽金寨人,硕士,研究方向为风景园林规划与设计以及城市湖泊小气候。E-mail:1137726130@qq.com
基金资助:
湖南省高等学校"双一流"学科(风景园林学)建设项目(湘教通[2018]469号);国家林业和草原局重点学科(风景园林学)建设项目(林人发[2016]21号);中南林业科技大学研究生科技创新基金(CX20192007)

Study on the “Wet Island Effect” Scenario Simulation of Lakes in Suburbs Based on Computer Fluid Mechanics:A Case Study of Tongsheng Lake in Changsha City

ZHANG Wei^1,2,3,4, CHEN Cun-you^1,2,3, HU Xi-jun^1,2,3, LIANG Sheng^1,2,3, WANG Kai-li^1,2,3, DU Xin-yu^1,2,3, LIU Lu-yun^1,2,3

1. College of Landscape ArchitectureCentral South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
2. Hunan Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Protected Areas Landscape ResourcesCentral South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
3. Urban and Rural Landscape Ecology Research Institute, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
4. Minmetal Mining Anhui Engineering Co. Ltd, Hefei 230000, China

Received:2021-05-07 Online:2022-05-25 Published:2022-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选择长沙市同升湖作为研究对象,采用平行定点实测与计算机流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)情景模拟交互验证的方法,研究夏季城市近郊湖泊"湿岛效应"的变化规律以及建筑因子对湖泊"湿岛效应"的影响。结果表明:(1)夏季城市近郊湖泊对周围环境存在增湿效应,日均增湿强度为0.99百分点,最大增湿强度可达2.02百分点;(2)湖泊水体的增湿作用与距湖岸距离呈显著负相关,在距湖岸0 m处最明显,对下风向区域的增湿效果明显高于上风向区域和垂直向区域;(3)建筑因子(建筑高度、建筑后退距离、建筑间距)是影响湖泊"湿岛效应"发挥的主要因素,对湖泊"湿岛效应"的分布特征及变化规律的影响呈现不同的差异性。建筑后退湖岸100和200 m,湖泊西北部区域相对湿度增加0.27~1.40百分点,增湿范围扩大100~300 m;建筑高度增加10和20 m,湖泊水体上方相对湿度下降0.60~0.87百分点,水体对西北部区域的增湿范围减小50~100 m;建筑间距增大2倍,东南部区域相对湿度下降0.59~0.81百分点,湖泊水体对西北部区域的影响范围为500~600 m。

关键词: 湿岛效应, 冷岛效应, 城市近郊湖泊, CFD情景模拟, 同升湖

Abstract: Selecting Tongsheng Lake in Changsha City as the research object and using parallel fixed-point actual measurement method combined with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) scenario simulation, the changing law of "wet island effect" in suburban lakes and the influence of architectural factors on "wet island effect" in summer are studied. The results show that:(1) The suburban lakes have a humidifying effect on their surrounding environment in summer, with the increasing of average daily humidifying intensity of 0.99 percentage point and the maximum increasing of humidifying intensity as 2.02 percentage point; (2) The humidifying effect of the lake water body is significantly and positively correlated with the distance from the lake shore, with its maximum at a distance of 0 m, and their humidifying effect on downwind area is far higher than on upwind and vertical areas; (3) Architectural factors (height, retreat distance, spacing, etc.) are the major factors affecting the size of "wet island effect" of lakes, resulting in the difference in the distribution characteristics and changing law of "wet island effect". For every 100 and 200 m far away from lake shore, the relative humidity in the northwestern area of the lakes increases by 0.27-1.40 percentage point, and humidifying scope is enlarged by 100-300 m. For an increase of height by 10 and 20 m, the relative humidity above the water bodies of the lakes decreases by 0.60-0.87 percentage point, with their humidifying scope in the northwestern area being reduced by 50-100 m. The relative humidity in the southeastern region decreases by 0.59-0.81 percentage point when the distance between buildings increases by 2 times, and water bodies of the lakes can affect the northwestern area 500-600 m far away.

Key words: wet island effect, cold island effect, lakes in urban suburbs, CFD scenario simulation, Tongsheng Lake

中图分类号:

X16
TU984

张伟, 陈存友, 胡希军, 梁胜, 王凯丽, 杜心宇, 刘路云. 基于计算机流体力学的城市近郊湖泊“湿岛效应”情景模拟研究:以长沙市同升湖为例[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(5): 670-680.

ZHANG Wei, CHEN Cun-you, HU Xi-jun, LIANG Sheng, WANG Kai-li, DU Xin-yu, LIU Lu-yun. Study on the “Wet Island Effect” Scenario Simulation of Lakes in Suburbs Based on Computer Fluid Mechanics:A Case Study of Tongsheng Lake in Changsha City[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(5): 670-680.

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基于计算机流体力学的城市近郊湖泊“湿岛效应”情景模拟研究:以长沙市同升湖为例

Study on the “Wet Island Effect” Scenario Simulation of Lakes in Suburbs Based on Computer Fluid Mechanics:A Case Study of Tongsheng Lake in Changsha City

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