内蒙古西部近60a极端气温变化

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.06.001

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 481-490.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.06.001

内蒙古西部近60a极端气温变化

郭楠¹, 邵天杰^1,2,3, 赵景波^1,2

1. 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院, 陕西西安 710062;
2. 地理学国家级实验教学示范中心, 陕西西安 710062;
3. 中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710075

收稿日期:2016-07-05 出版日期:2017-06-25 发布日期:2017-06-15
通讯作者: 邵天杰,E-mail:tjshao2010@126.com E-mail:tjshao2010@126.com
作者简介:郭楠(1993-),女,陕西韩城人,硕士生,主要从事环境评价与治理方面的研究。E-mail:nannan5201215@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金国际合作重大项目（41210002）；中国科学院黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室项目（SKLLQG1428）；陕西省自然科学基金（2016JQ4004）；中国博士后科学基金（2016M592742）

Extreme Change in Temperature of West Inner Mongolia in Recent 60 Years

GUO Nan¹, SHAO Tian-jie^1,2,3, ZHAO Jing-bo^1,2

1. College of Tourism and Environment, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China;
2. National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Geography (Shaanxi Normal University), Xi'an 710062, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710075, China

Received:2016-07-05 Online:2017-06-25 Published:2017-06-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用内蒙古西部地区1958-2014年3个站点的日最高和最低气温资料，使用线性趋势法、距平及累积距平法、Mann-Kendall检验法、主成分分析和Morlet复数小波，对10种极端气温指数开展分析。结果表明，年极端最高气温、年极端最低气温、暖日、暖夜、夏日和热夜6个指数呈递增趋势，冷日、冷夜、冰日和霜冻4个指数呈递减趋势；年极端最高气温、年极端最低气温、冷夜、暖夜和暖日5个指数均有7和17 a左右的周期，反映了这一地区极端天气变化的周期规律；主成分分析结果表明，第1主成分方差贡献率为53.57%，高荷载的指数为暖夜、热夜和霜冻，表明这3个指数对这一地区气温的总体变化起主要作用；突变分析表明，极值指数突变发生在1980年左右，相对指数的突变时间基本发生在20世纪80年代到90年代末前后，绝对指数的突变时间主要发生在1987年前后。极端气温的变化导致该区易发生旱灾和草原沙漠化。

关键词: 极端气温, 变化趋势, 变化周期, 突变, 内蒙古西部

Abstract:

The daily highest and lowest temperature data accumulated during the period from 1958 to 2014 in the 3 meteorological stations in the western region of Inner Mongolia were cited for analysis of 10 extreme temperature indices, using the linear trend method, temperature departure and cumulative anormalies method, Mann-Kendall test, principal component analysis, and Morlet plural wavelet. Results show that:(1) Six of the 10 extreme temperature indices, i. e. annual extreme highest (lowest) temperature, warm day, warm night, summer day and hot night, displayed rising trends, while the other four, i. e., cold day, cold night, freezing day and frosting day, did declining trends; (2) Five indices in the selected study area all exhibited a cycle of 7 and 17 a or so, which reflects that the extreme weather in the region followed a certain rule of variation; (3) Principal component analysis shows that variance contribution rate of the primary principal components reached 53.57%, and the indices, high in load included warm night, hot night and frosting day, which indicates that the three indices play important roles in overall climate change in the region; And (4) Saltation analysis shows that the abrupt changes in the index of extreme value occurred around 1980, while those of relative indices did basically during the period from the 1980s to the end of the 1990s, and those of the absolute indices did mainly in 1987. Extreme temperature changes would bring about droughts to the region and cause desertification of grasslands.

Key words: extreme temperature, change trend, change cycle, abrupt change, west Inner Mongolia

中图分类号:

X16
P467

郭楠, 邵天杰, 赵景波. 内蒙古西部近60a极端气温变化[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(6): 481-490.

GUO Nan, SHAO Tian-jie, ZHAO Jing-bo. Extreme Change in Temperature of West Inner Mongolia in Recent 60 Years[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(6): 481-490.

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内蒙古西部近60a极端气温变化

Extreme Change in Temperature of West Inner Mongolia in Recent 60 Years

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