2000-2010年长三角地区植被生物量及其空间分布特征

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2016.05.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植被生物量是陆地表层生态系统服务功能的重要表征，探明区域植被生物量的空间分布规律及其变化，对于制定合理的植被保护政策具有重要意义。当前针对生态系统总体的植被生物量空间估算研究较少且空间分辨率较低，难以反映土地利用/覆盖变化状况。以长三角地区16个地市为研究区，在遥感模型、GIS空间运算和数理统计分析等方法支持下，利用遥感、气象、土地利用/覆被、森林清查及粮食产量等多源数据，研究植被生物量空间分布及其变化。结果表明：植被生物量空间估算结果既保留了统计数据的总体精度，又反映了植被生物量空间分布特征；长三角地区植被生物量分布总体呈现南高北低的态势，沿长江地区和太湖流域生物量相对低。10 a间区域植被生物量总量显著上升，其中，江苏部分地市和上海植被生物量稳中有升，浙江部分地市植被生物量显著增长。用地类型保持不变的林地和耕地是生物量增加的主要来源，土地利用/覆被变化对植被生物量有显著影响，耕地、林地向建设用地转换导致植被生物量显著下降，建设用地绿化在一定程度上弥补了植被消失或受破坏引起的生物量损失。

关键词: 生物量, 空间估算, 分布变化, 长三角地区

Abstract:

Vegetation biomass is an important indicator of the service function of terrestrial ecosystems. It is of great significance to the formulation of rational vegetation protection policies to ascertain spatial distribution rules and temporal variation of vegetation biomass. Though a lot of works have been done on estimating vegetation biomass at regional and global scales, little is available in the literature about spatial estimation of biomass of an ecosystem as a whole and, what is more, spatial resolution of the estimation is too low to reflect changes in land use/cover. Based on multi-sourced data including remote sensing, meteorology, land use/cover, forest inventory, and grain yield, spatial distribution of vegetation biomass at 250 m resolution was studied with the aid of remote-sensing models, spatial downscaling technique, GIS spatial operation and mathematical statistical analysis. Results show that the spatial estimation of vegetation biomass not only inherits the accuracy of statistical data, but also reflects spatial distribution of vegetation biomass. The vegetation biomass in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) displays a general distribution trend of rising from north to south and being relatively low alongside the Yangtze River and around the Tai Lake Basin. The total vegetation biomass increased significantly during the years from 2000 to 2010. It increased significantly or by 47.74 Tg in parts of Zhejiang, and remained stable with a slight rise (0.94 Tg) in parts of Jiangsu and (0.33 Tg) in Shanghai. Vegetation biomass is closely related to land use/cover (LUCC). The growth of biomass is mainly attributed to the maintenance of forest lands and farmlands in land use. In highly developed plain areas, conversion of forest lands and farmlands has led to significant decline in biomass, however, greening of construction lands helps offset the declining trend of biomass triggered by destruction of vegetation.

Key words: vegetation biomass, spatial estimation, spatial distribution, Yangtze River Delta

中图分类号:

X24
Q948.1

李广宇, 陈爽, 张慧, 张童. 2000-2010年长三角地区植被生物量及其空间分布特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2016, 32(5): 708-715.

LI Guang-yu, CHEN Shuang, ZHANG Hui, ZHANG Tong. Variation of Spatial Estimation and Distribution of Vegetation Biomass in Yangtze River Delta During 2000-2010[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2016, 32(5): 708-715.

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