基于土壤水分和盐分含量变化的滨海湿地盐地碱蓬生态退化诊断

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0468

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 水分和盐分是滨海湿地土壤环境因子的综合表征,是控制盐地碱蓬生长的关键因子。选取江苏盐城滨海湿地的盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)为研究对象,结合野外调查和室内实验的方法,测算分析不同生长环境条件下盐地碱蓬种群和个体形态与土壤水分和盐分含量之间的关系,诊断其生态退化程度。结果表明:土壤水分和盐分与盐地碱蓬的生长状态关系密切,是决定种群密度、盖度及个体高度、根长、一级分枝数、单株盖度的关键因子。正常状态盐地碱蓬区的土壤含水量w稳定在18.61%~32.18%之间,电导率稳定在2.53~20.33 mS·cm^-1之间,成熟期种群平均密度为44株·m^-2,植株株高与根长分别为14~23和12~20 cm,分枝多且单株盖度高,生态指数区间为[0.8,1.0);轻度退化和中-重度退化状态盐地碱蓬区的土壤含水量为8.03%~35.45%,电导率为0.69~34.25 mS·cm^-1,波动幅度大且稳定性差,成熟期种群平均密度可高达1 516株·m^-2,植株株高与根长分别为17~56和5~19 cm,分枝少且单株盖度低,生态指数区间分别为［0.6,0.8]和［0,0.6)。研究结果可为滨海湿地盐地碱蓬的生态退化诊断与恢复效果评估提供科学依据。

关键词: 滨海湿地, 盐地碱蓬, 土壤水盐, 生态退化, 熵权-灰色关联分析

Abstract: Moisture and salinity are the basic characteristics of soil in coastal wetlands, and are the key factors affecting the growth of Suaeda salsa. The study selected Yancheng Coastal Wetland of Jiangsu Province as research area. The diagnosis of Suaeda salsa degradation state was determined by analyzing the relationship between soil moisture, salinity and Suaeda salsa. The results show that:(1) Soil moisture and salinity were closely related to the growth of Suaeda salsa, and were the key factors determining plant individual morphology. (2) Soil moisture and salinity of Suaeda salsa was between 18.61%-32.18% and 2.53-20.33 mS·cm^-1, respectively, in the normal state. During the maturity period, the average plant density was 44 plants·m^-2, and plant height and root length were between 14-23 and 12-20 cm, respectively, with many branches and high single plant coverage. The ecological index range was between 0.8 and 1. The soil moisture of Suaeda salsa was between 8.03% and 35.45% and the soil salinity was between 0.69 and 34.25 mS·cm^-1, in slightly degraded and moderately to severely degraded states, showing a large fluctuation and low stability. During the maturity period, the average plant density can reach to 1 516 plants·m^-2, and the plant height and root length were between 17-56 cm and 5-19 cm, respectively, with few branches and low single plant coverage, and the ecological index ranges were[0.6,0.8] and[0, 0.6), respectively. The results of the study could provide scientific basis for ecological degradation diagnosis and restoration effect evaluation of coastal Suaeda salsa.

Key words: coastal wetlands, Suaeda salsa, soil moisture and salinity, ecological degradation, entropy weight-grey relation analysis

中图分类号:

张英蕾, 吴炎慧, 刘红玉, 李玉凤, 邱春琦, 周诗薇, 黄琬淳, 周永. 基于土壤水分和盐分含量变化的滨海湿地盐地碱蓬生态退化诊断[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(8): 1067-1076.

ZHANG Ying-lei, WU Yan-hui, LIU Hong-yu, LI Yu-feng, QIU Chun-qi, ZHOU Shi-wei, HUANG Wan-chun, ZHOU Yong. Study on Ecological Degradation Diagnosis of Suaeda salsa in Coastal Wetland Based on Changes of Soil Moisture and Salinity Content[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(8): 1067-1076.

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