湖南张家界大鲵国家级自然保护区及张家界市生境质量时空变化研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0313

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生境质量评估是区域土地利用和综合管理政策制定的重要基础,对区域生态环境保护和可持续发展具有重要意义。以湖南张家界大鲵国家级自然保护区及张家界市为研究对象,基于土地利用转移矩阵、景观格局指数和InVEST模型等方法,分析了其土地利用和景观破碎度变化对生境质量的影响。结果表明:(1)2000-2020年,两者土地利用类型总体较为稳定,变化类型以草地、耕地和林地之间的相互转化为主。(2)2000-2020年,两者景观破碎度增加,斑块间连通性降低,平均斑块面积变小,受人类活动干扰明显。(3)2000-2020年,两者生境质量均呈现不同程度的下降,主要表现为部分生境质量优-良地区退化为良-中和差-极差等级。其中,张家界市生境质量下降明显,生境质量降低1.86%;大鲵保护区生境质量下降不显著,但其核心区与实验区周围生境质量均明显下降,分别降低1.69%和1.57%。(4)大鲵保护区生境质量随坡度和海拔升高而上升,随人口密度升高而下降。研究结果对大鲵保护区和张家界市生境保护及生态系统功能调控具有一定的理论与实践价值。

关键词: 张家界大鲵国家级自然保护区, 湖南, 张家界市, 土地利用, InVEST模型

Abstract: Habitat quality assessment is an important regional tool for land use policy and integrated management, and highly significant for ecological environmental protection and sustainable development. Based on land use transfer matrix, landscape pattern indices and the InVEST model, the spatial and temporal variations in habitat quality caused by the changes of land use and landscape fragmentation of Zhangjiajie Giant Salamander National Nature Reserve and Zhangjiajie City were quantitatively assessed. The results show that:from 2000 to 2020, the land use of both the City and the Reserve was generally stable, although minor changes were caused by the mutual transformation among grassland, cultivated land and forest land. However, landscape fragmentation occurred, patch connectivity decreased, and average patch area became smaller, all of which were significantly disturbed by human activities. The habitat quality of both the City and the Reserve declined with different extents, mainly in areas with previously excellent and good habitats turned into medium and poor level. The habitat quality of Zhangjiajie City declined significantly with a decrease of 1.86%. The habitat quality of the Giant Salamander Nature Reserve declined slightly, but in the core and experimental zones of the Reserve it decreased significantly by 1.69% and 1.57%, respectively. Along topographic gradients, habitat quality of the Giant Salamander Nature Reserve increased with slope and elevation, but along a population density gradient it decreased with the increasing of population density. These results could have certain theoretical and practical value for habitat protection and functional regulation of these ecosystems.

Key words: Zhangjiajie Giant Salamander National Nature Reserve, Hunan, Zhangjiajie City, land use, InVEST model

中图分类号:

X36
F301.2

王丞, 刘懿, 解宜兴, 周韶辉, 陈家法. 湖南张家界大鲵国家级自然保护区及张家界市生境质量时空变化研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(9): 1114-1122.

WANG Cheng, LIU Yi, XIE Yi-xing, ZHOU Shao-hui, CHEN Jia-fa. Spatial and Temporal Variation of Habitat Quality in Zhangjiajie Giant Salamander National Nature Reserve and Zhangjiajie City[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(9): 1114-1122.

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