呼伦贝尔森林-草原生态交错带土壤风蚀量时空变化及驱动力分析

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0253

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 风蚀量是判断土壤流失和沙地化的重要指标。利用土壤风蚀修正模型,定量分析了2000、2010和2018年呼伦贝尔森林-草原生态交错带土壤风蚀量的时空变化特征,通过地理探测器模型研究了气候变化与人类活动对土壤风蚀变化量的驱动作用,重点探讨了土地利用和植被覆盖度变化对土壤风蚀量变化的影响。结果表明:(1)2000、2010和2018年研究区土壤风蚀总量分别为9.74×10⁷、1.33×10⁸、8.51×10⁷ t,总体呈现先上升后下降的趋势;与2000年相比,2018年研究区有9.04%的区域土壤风蚀强度减轻,有0.10%的区域土壤风蚀强度恶化,其余90.86%的区域土壤风蚀强度保持不变。(2)2000-2018年土壤风蚀量变化量的驱动因子之间交互作用显著,风蚀量的减少主要受人类活动与气候变化的协同驱动影响。(3)2000-2018年草地覆盖度增加、沙化土地封育、生态退耕和天然林保护措施对土壤风蚀量减少的贡献率分别为69.32%、19.37%、0.06%和1.81%,可见研究区的生态保护措施对风蚀量的减少具有重要的推动作用。

关键词: 风蚀修正方程模型, 呼伦贝尔, 森林-草原生态交错带, 土地利用, 植被覆盖度, 土壤风蚀量, 地理探测器

Abstract: The amount of wind erosion is an important indicator for assessing soil loss and desertification. This paper quantitatively analyzes the spatial-temporal variability of soil wind erosion in the Hulunbuir forest-steppe ecotone in 2000, 2010 and 2018, using the revised wind erosion equation. The driving effects of climate change and human activities on soil wind erosion change were investigated through a geodetector model, and the influence of land cover and vegetation cover change on soil wind erosion was also explored. The results showed that:(1) The total amount of soil wind erosion in the study area in 2000, 2010 and 2018 were 9.74×10⁷, 1.33×10⁸ and 8.51×10⁷ tons respectively, with an overall trend of first increasing and then decreasing; Compared to the year of 2000, 9.04% of the study area decreased in soil wind erosion intensity in the year of 2018, while 0.10% of the study area increased in soil wind erosion intensity, and the soil wind erosion intensity remained unchanged in the other 90.86% of the study area; (2) The interaction between the driving factors of soil wind erosion change from 2000 to 2018 was significant, and the decrease in wind erosion was mainly driven by the synergy of human activities and climate change; (3) From 2000 to 2018, the four measures of increased grassland coverage, sealed sand land, withdrawal of ecological land, and natural forest protection contributed 69.32%, 19.37%, 0.06%, and 1.81% to the reduction of wind erosion, respectively. It is evident that the ecological protection measures in the study area play a crucial role in promoting the reduction of wind erosion.

Key words: revised wind erosion equation, Hulunbuir, forest-steppe ecotone, land use, vegetation coverage, soil wind erosion, geodetector

中图分类号:

胡梦甜, 张慧, 乔亚军, 刘坤, 王智, 徐网谷. 呼伦贝尔森林-草原生态交错带土壤风蚀量时空变化及驱动力分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(8): 999-1007.

HU Meng-tian, ZHANG Hui, QIAO Ya-jun, LIU kun, WANG Zhi, XU Wang-gu. Spatio-temporal Change and Driving Forces of Soil Wind Erosion Amount in Hulunbuir Forest-steppe Ecotone[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(8): 999-1007.

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