桑秆生物炭对污染土壤氧化还原过程中重金属的固持效应

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0955

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1483-1491.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0955

桑秆生物炭对污染土壤氧化还原过程中重金属的固持效应

刘昳晗^1,2,3, 刘颖⁴, 王丽娜^1,2, 杨璐^1,2, 邓绍坡^1,2, 韦婧^1,2,5, 毛萌³

1. 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 江苏南京 210042;
2. 国家环境保护土壤环境管理与污染控制重点实验室, 江苏南京 210042;
3. 中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院, 北京 100193;
4. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 江苏南京 210008;
5. 广东省环境健康与资源利用重点实验室, 广东肇庆 526061

收稿日期:2022-09-14 出版日期:2023-11-25 发布日期:2023-11-21
通讯作者: 韦婧,E-mail:weijing@nies.org E-mail:weijing@nies.org
作者简介:刘昳晗(1999-),女,四川广元人,主要从事污染土壤绿色修复材料方面的研究。E-mail:liue_h@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（41977139）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（GYZX220101）；国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1801001-4）

Effect of Mulberry Stems Biochar on Immobilization of Cd, Pb and Zn in Redox Dynamic Soil

LIU Yi-han^1,2,3, LIU Ying⁴, WANG Li-na^1,2, YANG Lu^1,2, DENG Shao-po^1,2, WEI Jing^1,2,5, MAO Meng³

1. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China;
2. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing 210042, China;
3. College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
4. Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
5. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, Zhaoqing 526061, China

Received:2022-09-14 Online:2023-11-25 Published:2023-11-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生物炭是一种绿色可持续的土壤稳定化药剂，在土壤重金属污染治理中应用广泛。土壤中重金属的行为受土壤理化性质的影响。在南方稻田土壤水旱交替轮作引起的氧化还原过程中，土壤理化性质发生改变，土壤的长期安全利用存在一定风险。以南方常见农林废弃物桑秆为原料，采用"水-火联动"原位制炭技术制备得到桑秆生物炭（SG-BC）并进行表征，通过溶液批平衡试验，探究SG-BC对铅（Pb）、锌（Zn）和镉（Cd）的吸附特征及机制。结果表明，SG-BC对Pb、Zn和Cd的最大实际吸附量分别为214.39、41.10和25.75 mg·g^-1；SG-BC对上述重金属的吸附机制主要包括络合、沉淀和阳离子-π电子配位等。开展室内土壤培养试验，探究氧化还原过程中添加SG-BC对土壤理化性质和重金属含量的影响。结果表明，施加SG-BC会引起土壤pH上升及Eh略微降低；在厌氧培养期SG-BC对土壤中重金属的释放均有不同程度的抑制作用；在曝氧培养阶段尤其是曝氧初期，SG-BC显著降低土壤溶液重金属浓度，对Pb、Zn和Cd的固持效率最高分别达96.69%、80.77%和78.41%。研究结果表明，在氧化还原过程中，SG-BC能有效固定土壤中重金属。该研究可为生物炭应用于重金属污染农田土壤修复提供理论依据。

关键词: 桑秆生物炭, 重金属, 氧化还原过程, 污染土壤修复

Abstract: Biochar, as a green and sustainable soil stabilization agent, has been widely used in the remediation of heavy metals (HMs) contaminated soil. The migration and transformation of HMs are highly affected by the physicochemical characteristics of soil. Under the change of redox process caused by flooding-drainage intercropping in paddy soils, the fluctuation of physicochemical characteristics of soil will threaten the long-term safety of land utilization. Here, a mulberry stem was selected as feedstock to produce biochar by the in situ "water-fire coupled" method. The derived biochar was noted as SG-BC. The capability and mechanisms of SG-BC adsorbing Cd, Zn, and Pb were investigated. The results show that the maximum adsorption capacities for Pb, Zn, and Cd of SG-BC were 214.39, 41.10, and 25.75 mg·g^-1, respectively. The mechanisms were clarified as surface complexation, precipitation, and cation-π interactions. In addition, a soil microcosm incubation experiment was conducted under redox dynamic conditions to explore the impact of SG-BC on the soil Eh and pH, and the immobilization of HMs. The results show that compared to the control, the addition of SG-BC could increase soil pH, slightly decrease soil Eh, and inhibit the soil HMs release at various degrees during flooding, and the inhibition was more strong during drainage, especially in the early stage; SG-BC decreased the concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd in soil solution by 96.69%, 80.77%, and 78.41%, respectively. These results indicate that SG-BC is effective to immobilize Cd, Zn, and Pb in the soil with dynamic redox processes. This study provides theoretical basis for applying biochar to remediate HMs contaminated agricultural soil.

Key words: mulberry stem biochar, heavy metal, dynamic redox process, soil remediation

中图分类号:

刘昳晗, 刘颖, 王丽娜, 杨璐, 邓绍坡, 韦婧, 毛萌. 桑秆生物炭对污染土壤氧化还原过程中重金属的固持效应[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(11): 1483-1491.

LIU Yi-han, LIU Ying, WANG Li-na, YANG Lu, DENG Shao-po, WEI Jing, MAO Meng. Effect of Mulberry Stems Biochar on Immobilization of Cd, Pb and Zn in Redox Dynamic Soil[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(11): 1483-1491.

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桑秆生物炭对污染土壤氧化还原过程中重金属的固持效应

Effect of Mulberry Stems Biochar on Immobilization of Cd, Pb and Zn in Redox Dynamic Soil

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