长期不同施肥条件下红壤小麦和玉米季CO2、N2O排放特征

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 7-13.doi:

长期不同施肥条件下红壤小麦和玉米季CO₂、N₂O排放特征

黄晶, 张杨珠, 刘宏斌, 王伯仁

湖南农业大学资源环境学院

收稿日期:2011-03-04 出版日期:2011-07-25 发布日期:2011-08-03
通讯作者: 王伯仁中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 E-mail:wangboren1@163.com
作者简介:黄晶（1983-），男，湖南汨罗人，助理研究员，硕士，从事红壤旱地肥力与肥料效益研究。E-mail:huangjing17182@yahoo.com.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划（2005CB121101）；国家科技支撑计划重点项目（2009BADC6B05）；2011年农业生态环境保护项目

CO₂ and N₂O Emissions From Red Soil During Wheat and Corn Growing Seasons Under Different Ptterns of Long-Term Fertilization

HUANG Jing, ZHANG Yang-Zhu, LIU Hong-Bin, WANG Bo-Ren

College of Resources and Environment,Hunan Agricultural University

Received:2011-03-04 Online:2011-07-25 Published:2011-08-03
Contact: WANG Bo-Ren Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences E-mail:wangboren1@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于中国农业科学院红壤试验站红壤旱地小麦－玉米轮作长期定位试验，采用静态箱/气相色谱法，研究红壤旱地连续施肥16a后，不同施肥条件下小麦季和玉米季土壤CO₂和N₂O的排放特征。结果表明，CO₂和N₂O排放具有明显的季节性，施肥对土壤CO₂和N₂O排放有明显影响，且有机肥的施用显著促进了土壤CO₂和N₂O排放。不施肥对照（CK）、氮磷配施（NK）、氮磷钾配施（NPK）和有机无机肥配施（NPKM）处理小麦季和玉米季土壤CO₂累计排放量分别为5904、8062、4298、9235、14098和4708、7530、5435、7089、15472kg•hm^-2,土壤N₂O累积排放量分别为0.34、0.63、0.44、0.62、1.00和0.25、0.39、0.35、0.52、1.73kg•hm^-2,小麦休闲期土壤CO₂和N₂O累积排放量平均占小麦生长季的63.52%和28.43%，玉米休闲季平均占玉米生长季的49.98%和32.72%，说明休闲期土壤CO₂和N₂O累积排放量不容忽视。除玉米季NP、NK、NPK处理外，其他各处理小麦季和玉米季土壤CO₂排放通量与5cm深处土壤温度显著相关；而土壤N₂O排放通量与土壤温度间均未表现出显著相关性；除NPKM处理外，其他各处理土壤CO₂或N₂O排放通量与土壤水分间相关性均未达显著水平。

关键词: 长期施肥, 红壤, CO₂, N₂O, 温室气体排放

Abstract: Fluxes and cumulative emissions of CO₂ and N₂O from red soil duting the wheat and corn seasons under different patterns of long-term fertilization(CK,NP,NK,NPK and NPKM)were monitored by making use of the long-term,16-year wheat-corn rotation experiment on upland red soil in the Qiyang Red Soil Experiment Station,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The static dark chamber method and gas chromatograph technique were used to collect and measure concentrations of CO₂ and N₂O.Results show that emissions of CO₂ and N₂O varied obviously with the seasons.Fertilization significant affected the emissions of CO₂ and N₂O,and application of manure significantly promoted the emission of CO₂ and N₂O.The cumulative emission of CO₂ from Treatment CK,NP,NK,NPK and NPKM was measured to be 5904,8062,4298,9235 and 14098kg•hm^-2 and 4708,7530,5435,7089 and 15472kg•hm^-2,respectively,in the wheat season and corn season,and the cumulative emission of N₂O,0.34,0.63,0.44,0.62 and 1.00kg•hm^-2 and 0.25,0.39,0.35,0.52 and 1.73kg•hm^-2.On average,the cumulative emissions of CO₂ and N₂O during the wheat fallow period accounted for 63.52% and 28.43%,respectively,of the total of the whole wheat season,and the cumulative emissions of CO₂ and N₂O during the corn fallow period for 49.98% and 32.72%,respectively,of the total of the whole corn growth season,which suggest that emission of CO₂ and N₂O during the fallow season should not be neglected.Flux of CO₂ emission in all the treatments was significantly related to soil temperature at 5 cm depth,except for Treatment NP,NK and NPK in the corn season,but flux of N₂O emission was not in any of the treatments.None of the treatments,except for Treatment NPKM,showed any significant relationship between flux of CO₂ or N₂O emission and soil water content.

Key words: long-term fertilization, red soil, CO₂, N₂O, emission of greenhouse gas

中图分类号:

X142
X131.1

黄晶, 张杨珠, 刘宏斌, 王伯仁. 长期不同施肥条件下红壤小麦和玉米季CO₂、N₂O排放特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2011, 27(4): 7-13.

HUANG Jing, ZHANG Yang-Zhu, LIU Hong-Bin, WANG Bo-Ren. CO₂ and N₂O Emissions From Red Soil During Wheat and Corn Growing Seasons Under Different Ptterns of Long-Term Fertilization[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2011, 27(4): 7-13.

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长期不同施肥条件下红壤小麦和玉米季CO₂、N₂O排放特征

CO₂ and N₂O Emissions From Red Soil During Wheat and Corn Growing Seasons Under Different Ptterns of Long-Term Fertilization

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