秸秆腐熟剂对秸秆还田稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.02.009

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 159-165.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.02.009

秸秆腐熟剂对秸秆还田稻田CH₄和N₂O排放的影响

马煜春^1,2, 周伟^2,3, 刘翠英¹, 孙丽英¹, 杨波⁴, 郑向群⁴

1. 江苏省农业气象重点实验室/南京信息工程大学农业资源与环境系, 江苏南京 210044;
2. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 江苏南京 210008;
3. 中国科学院常熟农业生态试验站, 江苏南京 210008;
4. 农业部环境保护科研检测所, 天津 300191

收稿日期:2016-03-21 出版日期:2017-02-25 发布日期:2017-02-14
通讯作者: 孙丽英,E-mail:sunliying962015@163.com E-mail:sunliying962015@163.com
作者简介:马煜春(1986-),女,满族,辽宁辽阳人,讲师,博士,主要研究方向为农田温室气体排放及其减缓对策。E-mail:mayc@nuist.edu.cn
基金资助:
江苏省自然科学基金青年基金（BK20140990）；土壤与农业可持续发展重点实验室开放课题（Y20160034）；南京信息工程大学科研启动经费（2013x037）

Effects of Straw Decomposing Inoculants on Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Paddy Fields Incorporated With Straw

MA Yu-chun^1,2, ZHOU Wei^2,3, LIU Cui-ying¹, SUN Li-ying¹, YANG Bo⁴, ZHENG Xiang-qun⁴

1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
3. Changshu Agroecological Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
4. Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China

Received:2016-03-21 Online:2017-02-25 Published:2017-02-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法对太湖地区稻田生态系统甲烷（CH₄）和氧化亚氮（N₂O）排放进行田间原位观测，研究秸秆与秸秆腐熟剂（金葵子腐熟剂与宁粮腐熟剂）配施条件下秸秆还田稻田CH₄和N₂O的排放规律。结果表明，相对秸秆还田处理（S），配施秸秆腐熟剂处理（SJ和SN）提前出现CH₄排放峰值，而对N₂O排放的季节变化趋势无明显影响。秸秆配施金葵子腐熟剂处理（SJ）和宁粮腐熟剂处理（SN）CH₄累积排放量（以C计）分别为363和388 kg·hm^-2，N₂O累积排放量（以N计）分别为0.18和0.20 kg·hm^-2。相对于S处理，添加腐熟剂处理CH₄累积排放量分别增加2.5%和9.6%，N₂O累积排放量分别减少33.3%和25.9%。同时，水稻产量分别增加7.5%和11.1%，温室气体排放强度（GHGI）分别减少5.1%和1.7%。该研究可为评估秸秆腐熟剂对秸秆还田稻田系统CH₄和N₂O排放的综合影响提供科学依据。

关键词: 秸秆还田, 腐熟剂, CH₄排放, N₂O排放, 稻田

Abstract:

In-situ monitoring of methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from rice fields was performed with the technique of static-chamber and gas chromatography in the Taihu Lake Region to investigate effects of incorporation of straw and microbial decomposing inoculants on CH₄ and N₂O emissions from paddy fields. In the experiment, five treatments, i. e. no nitrogen applied (NN), farmer's practice (FP), even incorporation of wheat straw (S), incorporation of wheat straw treated with Jinkuizi inoculant (SJ), and incorporation of wheat straw treated with Ningliang inoculant (SN), were laid and carried out. Results show that Treatment S, Treatment SN and Treatment NJ advanced the occurrence of peak CH₄ emission, but did not affect much the seasonal emission trend of N₂O; and the total emission of CH₄ in Treatment SN and SJ during the rice growing season was 363 and 388 kg·hm^-2 and the total emission of N₂O was 0.18 and 0.20 kg·hm^-2, respectively. Relative to Treatment S, Treatments SN and SJ increased the total CH₄ emission during rice growing season by 2.5% and 9.6% and decreased the total N₂O emission by 33.3% and 25.9%, respectively. However, relative to Treatment S, Treatment SJ increased rice yield by 7.5% and Treatment SN by 11.1%, and Treatment SJ decreased greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) by 5.1% and Treatment SN by 1.7%. All the findings of this study may provide certain scientific basis for evaluating the effect incorporation of straw and decomposing inoculants on CH₄ and N₂O emissions in paddy fields.

Key words: straw incorporation, microbial inoculant, CH₄ emission, N₂O emission, paddy field

中图分类号:

X511
X712

马煜春, 周伟, 刘翠英, 孙丽英, 杨波, 郑向群. 秸秆腐熟剂对秸秆还田稻田CH₄和N₂O排放的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(2): 159-165.

MA Yu-chun, ZHOU Wei, LIU Cui-ying, SUN Li-ying, YANG Bo, ZHENG Xiang-qun. Effects of Straw Decomposing Inoculants on Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Paddy Fields Incorporated With Straw[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(2): 159-165.

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秸秆腐熟剂对秸秆还田稻田CH₄和N₂O排放的影响

Effects of Straw Decomposing Inoculants on Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Paddy Fields Incorporated With Straw

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