不同施肥模式和地下水位条件下红壤水稻土PLFA指纹特征

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.06.007

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 533-538.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.06.007

不同施肥模式和地下水位条件下红壤水稻土PLFA指纹特征

张逸飞^1,2, 徐婷婷¹, 韩成¹, 邓欢^1,3, 尹力初⁴, 钟文辉¹

1. 江苏省物质循环与污染控制重点实验室/南京师范大学地理科学学院, 江苏南京 210023;
2. 南京科技职业学院, 江苏南京 210048;
3. 南京师范大学环境学院, 江苏南京 210023;
4. 湖南农业大学资源环境学院, 湖南长沙 410128

收稿日期:2016-08-22 出版日期:2017-06-25 发布日期:2017-06-15
通讯作者: 钟文辉,E-mail:zhongwenhui@njnu.edu.cn E-mail:zhongwenhui@njnu.edu.cn
作者简介:张逸飞(1975-),男,安徽明光人,讲师,硕士,主要研究方向为环境微生物技术。E-mail:yifzhang@sohu.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（41401293，41271255）；江苏省自然科学基金（BK20141051）

PLFA Fingerprint of Red Paddy Soils as Affected by Fertilization Pattern and Groundwater Table

ZHANG Yi-fei^1,2, XU Ting-ting¹, HAN Cheng¹, DENG Huan^1,3, YIN Li-chu⁴, ZHONG Wen-hui¹

1. Key Laboratory of Material Cycling and Pollution Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;
2. Nanjing Polytechnic Institute, Nanjing 210048, China;
3. School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;
4. College of Resources & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

Received:2016-08-22 Online:2017-06-25 Published:2017-06-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤微生物群落是评估土壤质量、衡量土壤肥力和指示土壤环境变化的重要指标。施肥和地下水位均会引起土壤养分和微环境发生变化，但地下水位对土壤微生物群落影响的研究尚鲜有报道，特别是施肥和地下水位管理双因素协同作用对土壤微生物群落的影响还不清楚。采用磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）指纹图谱法研究长期施肥和不同地下水位条件下红壤水稻土微生物群落。结果表明，不同地下水位管理显著影响土壤pH值、E_h，p（排水状态下的氧化还原电位）和NO₃^--N含量，不同施肥模式显著改变土壤E_h，y（淹水状态下的氧化还原电位）、E_h，p、有机碳含量、全氮含量和速效钾含量。不同地下水位显著影响土壤总PLFA、细菌PLFA、G⁺ PLFA含量及G⁺ PLFA /G^- PLFA比值，如高地下水位土壤G⁺ PLFA /G^- PLFA比值（0.40~0.51）明显低于低地下水位土壤（0.40~1.94）；不同施肥模式显著影响G^- PLFA含量和G⁺ PLFA /G^- PLFA比值，如施有机肥土壤G⁺ PLFA /G^- PLFA比值（0.40~1.94）明显高于施化肥土壤（0.40~0.46）。逐步回归分析显示放线菌PLFA含量显著受土壤pH值及全氮含量的影响，G⁺、厌氧菌、好氧菌PLFA含量显著受土壤pH值的影响，真菌PLFA/细菌PLFA比值显著受土壤E_h，y的影响，G⁺ PLFA /G^- PLFA比值显著受NO₃^--N含量和全钾含量的影响。主成分分析显示环境因子影响了长期施肥和不同地下水位条件下红壤水稻土微生物群落结构，全钾含量、pH值和E_h，y是导致LNOM处理与其他处理间微生物群落结构不同的主要环境因子，而NO₃^--N含量、全氮含量、全磷含量是导致LHOM处理与HNOM、HHOM、LCF、HCF处理间微生物群落结构不同的主要环境因子。可见，长期施肥和地下水位管理显著影响红壤水稻土理化性质及微生物群落。

关键词: 长期施肥, 地下水位, 磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA), 微生物群落

Abstract:

Soil microbial community is an important indicator for assessing changes in soil quality, fertility and soil environment. Fertilization and groundwater table are two factors that may affect soil fertility and micro-environment. However, so far little has been reported on influence of groundwater table on soil microbial community, especially the joint effects of fertilization and groundwater table on soil microbial community. Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) analysis was conducted to evaluate impacts of fertilization and groundwater table on the soil microbial community in a red soil rice paddy. Results show that groundwater table significantly influenced soil pH, E_h,p (oxido-reduction potential in drained soil) and NO₃^- content, while soil fertilization did significantly soil E_h,y (oxido-reduction potential in flooded soil), E_h,p, total organic carbon, total N and available K contents. Besides, groundwater table significantly affected contents of total PLFA, bacterial PLFA, and Gram-positive (G⁺) bacterial PLFA and G⁺ PLFA/G^- PLFA ratio while fertilization did significantly content of Gram-negative (G^-) bacterial PLFA contents and G⁺ PLFA/G^- PLFA ratio of the soil microbial community. Stepwise regression analysis shows that soil pH and total nitrogen content significantly affected actinomycete PLFA content, and soil pH did significantly contents of G⁺ bacterial PLFA, aerobic and anaerobic bacterial PLFA, too; soil E_h,ydid significantly fungal to bacterial PLFA ratio; and contents of NO₃^--N and total K nitrogen did significantly G⁺ PLFA/G^- PLFA ratio. PCA analysis shows that the environmental factors significantly affected soil microbial structure, total K, pH and E_h,y of the soils under long-term fertilization and varying groundwater table, thus making Treatment LNOM different from the other treatments, while NO₃^--N, total N and total P contents were the important factors making Treatments HNOM, HHOM, LCF, HCF and LHOM different from each other in microbial community. Obviously long-term fertilization and groundwater table significantly affect physiochemical properties and soil microbial community in the soil.

Key words: fertilization, groundwater table, phospholipid fatty acids, microbial diversity

中图分类号:

S154.3
S182

张逸飞, 徐婷婷, 韩成, 邓欢, 尹力初, 钟文辉. 不同施肥模式和地下水位条件下红壤水稻土PLFA指纹特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(6): 533-538.

ZHANG Yi-fei, XU Ting-ting, HAN Cheng, DENG Huan, YIN Li-chu, ZHONG Wen-hui. PLFA Fingerprint of Red Paddy Soils as Affected by Fertilization Pattern and Groundwater Table[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(6): 533-538.

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不同施肥模式和地下水位条件下红壤水稻土PLFA指纹特征

PLFA Fingerprint of Red Paddy Soils as Affected by Fertilization Pattern and Groundwater Table

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