4种典型有机磷阻燃剂对斑马鱼胚胎毒性及风险评价

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.09.010

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years, organic phosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), widely detected in various environmental media, have become a new type of pollutants of great concern. An experiment was designed to explore acute and chronic toxicity of triphenyl phosphate (TPhP), tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP), tris(dichloropropyl)phosphate (TDCPP), and tris(chloropropyl)phosphate (TCPP) to zebrafish embryos. Hatching rate, survival rate, heart rate, body length, abnormal rate and mortality of zebrafish embryos were measured in the study. On such a basis, preliminary risk assessment of these OPFRs were performed in the light of their detections in some surface waters reported in literature. Results show that TPhP, TnBP, TDCPP and TCPP to zebrafish embryos reached 1.90, 2.27, 2.32 and 14.1 mg·L^-1, respectively, in 96 h-LC₅₀ and 0.03, 0.05, 0.05 and 1.00 mg·L^-1, respectively, in 32 d-NOEC of chronic toxicity. Hatching rate, survival rate, heart rate, as well as body length was negatively related to concentrations of the test substances, while abnormal rate was positively related. Environmental risks of TPhP, TnBP, TDCPP and TCPP varied in some important waters in China. In some waters, RQ values of the OPFRs were greater than 0.1 or even 1, indicating that their environmental risks are in the range from medium to high, which calls for adequate attention.

Key words: OPFRs, zebrafish embryo, LC₅₀, NOEC, risk assessment

CLC Number:

X592

GAO Dan, TONG Zhi, ZHANG Sheng-hu, JI Gui-xiang, WU Sheng-min, SHI Li-li. Toxicity of Four Typical Organic Phosphorus Flame Retardants to Zebrafish Embryo and Risk Assessment.[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(9): 836-844.

References

[1] BOLLMANN U E,MÖLLER A,XIE Z Y,et al.Occurrence and Fate of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants and Plasticizers in Coastal and Marine Surface Waters[J].Water Research,2012,46(2):531-538.
[2] 秦宏兵,范苓,顾海东.固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱法测定水中6种有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂和增塑剂[J].分析科学学报,2014,30(2):259-262.[QIN Hong-bing,FAN Ling,GU Hai-dong.Determination of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants and Plasticizers in Environmental Water by Solid Phase Extraction Coupled With Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry[J].Journal of Analytical Science,2014,30(2):259-262.]
[3] KIM J W,ISOEB T,MUTO M,et al.Organophosphorus Flame Retardants (PFRs) in Human Breast Milk From Several Asian Countries[J].Chemosphere,2014,116:91-97.
[4] WANG X W,LIU J F,YIN Y G.Development of an Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for High Throughput Determination of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants in Environmental Water[J].Journal of Chromatography A,2011,1218(38):6705-6711.
[5] HU M Y,LI J,ZHANG B B,et al.Regional Distribution of Halogenated Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Seawater Samples From Three Coastal Cities in China[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2014,86(1/2):569-574.
[6] 严小菊,典型有机磷酸酯阻燃剂在太湖水体和底泥中存在水平和分布特征[D].南京:南京大学,2013.[YAN Xiao-ju.Occurrence and Distribution of Typical Organophosphorus Ester Flame Retardants in the Surface Water and Sediment in Taihu Lake[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University,2013.]
[7] 何丽雄,曹曙霞,曾祥英,等.固相萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用技术快速测定水中有机磷酸酯阻燃剂与增塑剂[J].分析测试学报,2013,32(4):437-441.[HE Li-xiong,CAO Shu-xia,ZENG Xiang-ying,et al.Determination of Organophosphate Flame Retardants and Plasticizers in Water Using Solid Phase Extraction Coupled With GC-MS[J].Journal of Instrumental Analysis,2013,32(4):437-441.]
[8] NI Y,KUMAGAI K,YANAGISAWA Y.Measuring Emissions of Organophosphate Flame Retardants Using a Passive Flux Sampler[J].Atmospheric Environment,2007,41(15):3235-3240.
[9] DU Z,ZHANG Y,WANG G,et al.TPhP Exposure Disturbs Carbohydrate Metabolism,Lipid Metabolism,and the DNA Damage Repair System in Zebrafish Liver[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6(11):21827.
[10] WHO.Enviromental Health Criteria 112:Tri-n-Butyl Phosphate[Z].Geneva,Switzerland:World Health Organization,1991.
[11] MARKLUND A,ANDERSSON B,HAGLUND P.Organophosphorus Flame Retardants and Plasticizers in Swedish Sewage Treatment Plants[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2005,39(19):7423-7429.
[12] MEEKER J D,STAPLETON H M.House Dust Concentrations of Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Relation to Hormone Levels and Semen Quality Parameters[J].Environmental Health Perspectives,2010,118(3):318-323.
[13] WHO.Environmental Health Criteria 209:Flame Retardants:Tris(Chloropropyl) Phosphate and Tris(2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate[Z].Geneva,Switzerland:World Health Organization,1998.
[14] LAW R J,COVACI A,HARRAD S,et al.Levels and Trends of PBDEs and HBCDs in the Global Environment:Status at the End of 2012[J].Environment International,2014,65:147-158.
[15] EU(European Union).Risk Assessment Report of Tri(2-Chloroethyl) Phosphate,2008.CAS No:115-96-8 EINECS No:204-118-5[Z].[s. l.]:[s. n.],2008.
[16] OECD.Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals,No.236 Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity (FET) Test[Z].Paris:OECD,2013.
[17] OECD.Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals,No. 210 Fish,Early-Life Stage Toxicity Test[Z].Paris:OECD,2013.
[18] European Chemical Bureau.Technical Guidance Document on Risk Assessment in Support of Commission Directive 93/67/EEC on Risk Assessment for New Notified Substances,Commission Regulation (EC)No. 14488/94 on Risk Assessment for Existing Substances,and Directive 98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council Concerning the Placing of Biocidal Products on the Market[R].Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities,2003.
[19] HERNANDO M D,MEZCUA M,FERNÁNDEZ-ALBA A R,et al.Environmental Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Residues in Wastewater Effluents,Surface Waters and Sediments[J].Talanta,2005,69(2):334-342.
[20] DU Z K,WANG G W,GAO S X,et al.Aryl Organophosphate Flame Retardants Induced Cardiotoxicity During Zebrafish Embryogenesis:By Disturbing Expression of the Transcriptional Regulators[J].Aquatic Toxicology,2015,161:25-32.
[21] 皮天星,蔡磊明,蒋金花,等.新型阻燃剂TCPP对斑马鱼的毒性研究[J].生态毒理学报,2016,11(2):247-256.[PI Tian-xing,CAI Lei-ming,JIANG Jin-hua,et al.Toxicity Effects of a New Flame Retardant Tris(2-Chloroisopropyl) Phosphate to Zebrafish(Danio rerio)[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2016,11(2):247-256.]
[22] 塔娜,房彦军,林本成,等.磷酸三(2,3-二氯丙基)酯阻燃剂对稀有鲫的毒性效应[J].生态毒理学报,2013,8(5):757-762.[TA Na,FANG Yang-jun,LIN Ben-cheng,et al.Toxicity Effect of Tri(2,3-Dichloroprophyl) Phosphate Flame Retardant on Rare Minnow(Gobiocypris rarus)[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2013,8(5):757-762.
[23] CUNNINGHAM V L,CONSTABLE D J,HANNAH R E.Environmental Risk Assessment of Paroxetine[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2004,38(12):3351-3359.
[24] MARIE-PIERRE H,RORTAIS A,ARNOLD G,et al.New Risk Assessment Approach for Systemic Insecticides:The Case of Honey Bees and Imidacloprid (Gaucho)[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2006,40(7):2448-2454.

Toxicity of Four Typical Organic Phosphorus Flame Retardants to Zebrafish Embryo and Risk Assessment.

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	MA Shu-xin, QIAO Yong-min, TANG Meng-yao, YANG Hong-yun. Heavy Metal Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment in Surface Sediments From Lakes Located in Guangzhou City [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(5): 600-607.
[2]	TAN Li-chao, CHENG Yan, ZHU Yu-xuan, BU Yuan-qing. Acute Toxicity and Risk Assessment of Nine Insecticides to Honeybees in Oilseed Rape Fields [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(4): 500-505.
[3]	ZHAO Han, ZHAO Jun, XU Xiao-ye, WU Shao-hua, ZHU Qing. Spatial Distribution, Sources and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in a Rapid Urbanization City: Shenzhen [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(1): 38-45.
[4]	YI Zhao-qin, WANG Hong-feng, MU Li-qiang. Hazard Risk Assessment of Alien Plants in Roadside Ecosystem in Maoershan National Forest Park [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(3): 216-223.
[5]	CHEN Yao, GAN Chun-juan, ZHANG Cai, YUAN Shao-chun, ZHU Zi-qi. Overview on Ecological Risk Assessment Methodologies of Urban Stormwater Ponds [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(12): 1064-1073.
[6]	CHENG Qi-qi, GUO Jin, CHAI Chao, GE Wei. Accumulation Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Spinach Grown in Diesel Contaminated Soil [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(12): 1145-1152.
[7]	WU Wen-hui, ZOU Hui, ZHU Gang-hui, LIAO Yue-hua, PAN Hai-ting, XIAO Chen-chang, FAN Juan, LI Lu. Heavy Metal Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Groundwater of a Mine Area in Central Hunan [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(11): 1027-1033.
[8]	CHEN Sheng-ke, WAN Yu, YANG Ming-jiao, GAN Xiu-hai. Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Resource of a Village in Guiyang [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(5): 403-408.
[9]	LIAO Jian-hua, ZHOU Jun-ying, CHENG Yan, CHEN Yang. Progress on Development of Upland Crop-Surface Water Exposure Scenarios for Pesticide Risk Assessment [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(4): 289-296.
[10]	REN Wen-juan, WANG Zhen, YANG Xian-hai, LIU Ji-ning, YANG Qian, CHEN Ying-wen, SHEN Shu-bao. Acute Toxicity Effect of Bisphenol A and Its Analogues on Adult and Embryo of Zebrafish [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(4): 372-378.
[11]	LIU Shi-liang, HOU Xiao-yun, ZHANG Yue-qiu, YIN Yi-jie, WANG Jun. Assessment of and Controlling Strategies for Ecological Risks of Land Consolidation Based on Ecosystem Services [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(3): 193-200.
[12]	FENG Yan-hong, Zheng Li-ping, YING Rong-rong, ZHANG Ya, LIN Yu-suo, WANG Guo-qing. Forms of Heavy Metals in Soils of Zinc Mining Area in Northwestern Guizhou Province and Their Environmental Risks [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(2): 142-149.
[13]	QIU Meng-long, WANG Qi, LIU Li-ming, GANG Yi. Risk Assessment of Farmland Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Using Modified Empowered Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(11): 1049-1056.
[14]	LI Shao-hua, WANG Xue-quan, LAN Lan, GAO Qi, YANG Zhan-wu. Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sedimentsat Estuaries of Major Inlets of the Qinghai Lake Basin [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2016, 32(6): 940-945.
[15]	BAI Shu-ying, YU Ye-ting,MO Ting,SHEN Wei-shou,SHI Jian-qiao. Risk Assessment of Debris Flow Hazard in Settlement Points of Panxi Region, Sichuan Province. [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2016, 32(3): 383-388.