骆马湖水质时空变化特征

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2016.05.016

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 794-801.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2016.05.016

骆马湖水质时空变化特征

胡婷婷^1,2, 刘劲松³, 戴小琳³, 蔡永久², 许浩², 龚志军²

1. 安徽师范大学生命科学学院, 安徽芜湖 241000;
2. 中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室/中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 江苏南京 210008;
3. 江苏省水利厅, 江苏南京 210029

收稿日期:2015-10-10 出版日期:2016-09-25 发布日期:2016-10-08
通讯作者: 龚志军,E-mail:zigong@niglas.ac.cn E-mail:zigong@niglas.ac.cn
作者简介:胡婷婷(1989-),女,安徽合肥人,硕士生,主要从事湖泊与水库水环境研究。E-mail:hutingting720@163.com
基金资助:
科技部基础性工作专项（2013FY111800）；江苏省水利科技项目（2015043）；国家自然科学基金（31300396）

Spatio-Temporal Variation of Water Quality in Lake Luoma, Jiangsu Province, China

HU Ting-ting^1,2, LIU Jin-song³, DAI Xiao-ling³, CAI Yong-jiu², XU Hao², GONG Zhi-jun²

1. College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences/Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
3. Jiangsu Water Conservancy Bureau, Nanjing 210029, China

Received:2015-10-10 Online:2016-09-25 Published:2016-10-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

于2014年1-12月对骆马湖10个样点水体理化指标开展周年监测，分析水质现状和水体营养状态，并结合聚类分析等多元统计分析方法识别水质时空变化特征。结果表明，方差分析显示透明度、电导率、溶解氧、氮、磷及叶绿素a等多项指标均呈现显著的月份变化，空间差异分析表明仅水深在各样点间差异显著，表明骆马湖水质空间差异较小。各月份总氮、总磷、高锰酸盐指数、叶绿素a质量浓度的样点均值分别为0.71~2.08 mg·L^-1、23.82~71.78 μg·L^-1、1.87~5.09 mg·L^-1、4.49~10.83 μg·L^-1，骆马湖水质为Ⅲ~劣Ⅴ类，总氮是现阶段的主要污染物，综合营养状态指数（TLI）表明骆马湖处于中营养~轻度富营养状态。聚类分析将12个月分为冬春季和夏秋季2个聚类组，冬春季透明度、溶解氧、总氮、硝态氮浓度显著高于夏秋季，而叶绿素a和总磷浓度则呈现相反的变化趋势。聚类分析将10个样点分为北部湖区和南部湖区2个聚类组，总氮、硝态氮浓度和电导率是导致湖区水质差异的主要指标，北部湖区上述指标显著高于南部湖区。

关键词: 浅水湖泊, 水质评价, 聚类分析, 时空变化

Abstract:

Water physicochemical parameters were monitored at 10 sites in Lake Luoma from January to December 2014, for assessment of quality and trophic status of the lake water and for analysis of spatio-temporal variation of the water quality with multi statistical analysis methods, including cluster analysis. One-way ANOVA shows that secchi depth, conductivity and concentrations of dissolved oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and Chl-a differed significantly from month to month, while spatial differentiation analysis reveals that only water depth varied remarkably between sites, indicating that water quality little varied spatially in the lake. The monthly mean value of TN, TP, COD_Mn and Chl-a varied in the range of 0.71-2.08 mg·L^-1, 23.82-71.78 μg·L^-1, 1.87-5.09 mg·L^-1 and 4.49-10.83 μg·L^-1, respectively, indicating that Lake Luoma fell into the categories of Ⅲ-Ⅴ in water quality in 2014 according to the standard for surface water quality (GB 3838-2002), with TN being the principal pollutant. The comprehensive trophic level index (TLI) indicates that the lake reached the mesotrophic to light eutrophic level. Cluster analysis divided the 12 months of a year into two clusters (winter-spring group and summer-autumn group). The former was apparently higher than the latter in secchi depth, DO, TN and NO₃^--N, but lower in Chl-a and TP. Cluster analysis also divided the ten sampling sites into two groups, the north and the south groups. The former was significantly higher than the latter in TN, NO₃^--N and conductivity, which were the main factors responsible for differentiation of water quality in the lake.

Key words: shallow lake, water quality assessment, cluster analysis, spatio-temporal variation

中图分类号:

X524
X824

胡婷婷, 刘劲松, 戴小琳, 蔡永久, 许浩, 龚志军. 骆马湖水质时空变化特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2016, 32(5): 794-801.

HU Ting-ting, LIU Jin-song, DAI Xiao-ling, CAI Yong-jiu, XU Hao, GONG Zhi-jun. Spatio-Temporal Variation of Water Quality in Lake Luoma, Jiangsu Province, China[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2016, 32(5): 794-801.

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骆马湖水质时空变化特征

Spatio-Temporal Variation of Water Quality in Lake Luoma, Jiangsu Province, China

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