京津冀植被退化的空间格局及人为驱动因素分析

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.05.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植被净初级生产力（NPP）是区域生态系统健康与退化的重要指示器之一。基于2000-2010年NPP数据和土地利用数据，采用趋势分析、叠加分析和显著性检验等方法，研究京津冀植被退化的空间格局，并分析其人为驱动因素。结果表明：（1）研究区植被NPP多年均值（以C计）集中在400~700 g·m^-2·a^-1，高值区主要分布在燕山山脉、太行山山脉及太行山山脉东麓山前平原，低值区主要分布在冀西北草原区、研究区东部沿海地带和冀东平原盐碱地地区。（2）11 a间京津冀植被NPP呈减少趋势的区域面积占研究区总面积的59.214%，其中，显著和极显著减少区域面积占10.050%，研究区局部区域植被发生明显退化；京津冀区域植被退化总面积为21 545.07 km²，其中，重度退化面积为5 775.66 km²，中度退化面积为8 168.18 km²，轻度退化面积为7 601.23 km²；研究区植被退化表现出明显的空间聚集特征，一是太行山东麓呈条带状连片区域，二是京津唐都市圈呈环状区域。（3）京津冀区域植被退化格局主要人文驱动因素有3个：一是城市（镇）蔓延式扩张，研究区城市新增建成区面积与重度、中度、轻度退化面积之间的相关系数分别为0.897 9、0.783 5和0.686 9（P<0.05）；二是区域交通路网密度影响区域植被退化格局和程度，以重要交通线为核心，从核心到两翼，植被退化程度逐渐降低；三是区域经济发展战略和产业布局直接影响区域植被空间格局。

关键词: 京津冀, 植被退化, 空间格局, 驱动因素

Abstract:

Net primary productivity (NPP) of vegetation is one of the important indicators of a regional ecosystem showing whether it is healthy and degrading. The 2000-2010 data of NPP and land use were cited for analysis of, spatial pattern of vegetation degradation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its human factors, by means of trend analysis, superposition analysis and significance test. Results show that:(1) NPP of the study area varied in the range of 400-700 g·m^-2·a^-1 in the past years, with high values distributed mainly in the Yanshan Mountains, the Taihang Mountains and the east piedmont plain of the Taihang Mountains, and low value in the grassland region northwest of, the eastern coastal zone of the study area and saline-alkali land of the Jidong Plain. (2) During the 11 years, 59.214% of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area has witnessed declining of the vegetation NPP, and the decline was particularly significant or ultra-significant in 10.050% of the area. In part of the study area, vegetation degradation tended to apparent. The area with vegetation degraded reached 21 545.07 km², of which 5 775.66 km² fell into the category of severe degradation, 8 168.18 km² into the category of moderate degradation and 7 601.23 km² into slight degradation. Vegetation degradation in the study area exhibits a feature of clustering in spatial distribution, of which there are two examples; One is a band of contiguous patches along the east piedmont of the Taihang Mountains and the other is the circle around the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan metropolitan area. (3) There are three main human factors driving variation of the vegetation degradation pattern in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. 1) Sprawling of cities (towns). The correlation coefficient of the area of newly built cities with the area of severe, moderate and mild vegetation degradation is 0.897 9, 0.783 5 and 0.686 9 (P<0.05), respectively; 2) Density of regional road network. It affects the pattern and degree of vegetation degradation in the region. Vegetation degradation declines in degree from the important traffic line as the core to its flanks. And 3) Regional economic development strategies and industrial layout, which directly affects spatial pattern of the vegetation in the region.

Key words: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, vegetation degradation, spatial pattern, driving factor

中图分类号:

Q948
TP79

吕国旭, 陈艳梅, 邹长新, 冯朝阳, 郝芳芳. 京津冀植被退化的空间格局及人为驱动因素分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(5): 417-425.

LÜ Guo-xu, CHEN Yan-mei, ZOU Chang-xin, FENG Chao-yang, HAO Fang-fang. Spatial Pattern and Driving Factors of Vegetation Degradation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(5): 417-425.

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