沉水植物生物炭对Cr6+和磷的吸附特性

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.12.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物炭作为吸附剂已广泛应用于重金属及磷污染废水处理，成为环境科学领域研究的前沿热点。沉水植物量大源广，可作为生物炭的制备原料，但其对Cr⁶⁺和磷的去除研究相对缺乏。选取常见的沉水植物（眼子菜、苦草和金鱼藻），在350、450和600℃温度下热解，研究其在不同初始pH值与平衡时间下对Cr⁶⁺和磷的吸附性能。结果表明：酸性条件更有利于沉水植物生物炭对Cr⁶⁺和磷的吸附，其中350℃条件下制备的金鱼藻生物炭和眼子菜生物炭对Cr⁶⁺和磷的吸附量最大，分别为0.094 2（pH=4）和0.338 1 mmol·g^-1（pH=6）。沉水植物生物炭对Cr⁶⁺和磷的吸附遵循准二级动力学模型，表明吸附过程由化学吸附占主导地位。沉水植物生物炭富含羧基、羟基等含氧官能团，除450℃条件下制备的苦草生物炭零电荷点（pH_zpc）是6以外，其余样品pH_zpc均为8。吸附Cr⁶⁺和磷后，生物炭表面变得更粗糙，褶皱明显并出现亮斑，Cr⁶⁺和磷含量明显增加。沉水植物生物炭因其独特的物理化学结构，可制备多孔炭用于污染物吸附等领域。

关键词: 沉水植物, 生物炭, 吸附, Cr⁶⁺, 磷

Abstract:

Biochar has been widely used as adsorbent to treat wastewater polluted with heavy metals and phosphorus polluted water, which has become a front-line hot spot in the field of environmental science. Submerged plants, abundant in quantity and vast in availability can be utilized as raw materials of biochar. However, little has been reported about researches on characteristics of Cr⁶⁺ and phosphorus removal by the biochar. Three common submerged plants (Potamogeton crispus, Vallisneria natans and Ceratophyllum demersum) were taken and pyrolyzed at 350, 450 and 600℃ into biochars, which were tested for exploration of effects of initial pH and equilibrium time on Cr⁶⁺ and phosphorus adsorption by the biochars. Results show that acid conditions facilitated Cr⁶⁺ and phosphorus adsorptions by the biochars, J350 (biochar prepared out of Ceratophyllum demersum at 350℃) and Y350 (biochar prepared out of Potamogeton crispus at 350℃) was the highest in Cr⁶⁺ and phosphorus adsorption capacity, being 0.094 2 mmol·g^-1 at pH 4 and 0.338 1 mmol·g^-1 at pH 6, respectively. The adsorption of two substances followed the pseudo-second-order model, which indicates that the adsorption process was dominated with chemical adsorption. The biochars derived from submerged plants were rich in carboxyl, hydroxyl and other oxygen containing functional groups. All of the biochars were 8 in pH_pzc, except for K450 (biochar prepareed out of Vallisneria natans at 450℃), which was only 6. Having adsorbed Cr⁶⁺ and phosphorus, the biochars had rougher surface with apparent folds and bright spot, and their contents of Cr⁶⁺ and phosphate increased significantly. Because of their unique physical and chemical structure, the biochars derived from submerged plants can be prepared into porous carbon for use in pollutant adsorption and other fields.

Key words: submerged plant, biochar, adsorption, Cr⁶⁺, phosphorus

中图分类号:

郑孟杰, 李继洲, 靳红梅, 张松贺. 沉水植物生物炭对Cr⁶⁺和磷的吸附特性[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(12): 1132-1139.

ZHENG Meng-jie, LI Ji-zhou, JIN Hong-mei, ZHANG Song-he. Characterization of Cr⁶⁺ and Phosphorus Adsorptions of Biochars Derived From Submerged Plants[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(12): 1132-1139.

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沉水植物生物炭对Cr⁶⁺和磷的吸附特性

Characterization of Cr⁶⁺ and Phosphorus Adsorptions of Biochars Derived From Submerged Plants

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