苏州花桥国际商务城生态用地时空动态特征

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0554

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以快速城镇化的小尺度区域——苏州花桥国际商务城为研究区，基于高分辨率遥感影像和GIS技术，利用土地利用转移矩阵、重心计算、景观格局指数和平均等效面积法分别对研究区生态用地时空动态、景观格局动态和土地生态质量空间格局动态特征进行研究。结果表明：（1）2005-2015年，研究区建设用地在快速城镇化进程中迅速扩张，而生态用地总面积减少913.11 hm²，同时生态用地重心逐渐向南迁移。（2）2005-2009年，研究区耕地优势度下降，其他生态用地优势度未出现较大波动；2009-2015年，随着政府生态建设力度加大，研究区斑块破碎化程度降低，景观复杂程度降低，除耕地外其他生态用地优势度迅速提升。（3）2005-2015年研究区平均等效面积由0.28增至0.31，总体生态质量得到改善；全区有57.01%的土地生态质量获得提升，且主要分布于南北两端吴淞江附近，仅有17.22%的土地生态质量下降。这表明近年来在城镇生态用地紧缺的情况下，研究区城镇生态建设对生态环境改善起到重要作用。建议研究区未来重点提升中部区域土地生态质量，进一步优化土地资源配置，以实现土地生态质量全面提升。

关键词: 城镇生态建设, 生态质量, 绿色基础设施, 地理信息系统(GIS)

Abstract: The study area was located in a rapidly urbanized small-scale region-Huaqiao International Service Business Park. High-resolution remote sensing images and GIS technology were used to investigate the spatial and temporal dynamic of ecological land, landscape pattern, and spatial pattern of ecological quality by means of the transition matrix of land use change, centre of gravity, the indexes of landscape pattern, and equivalent area, respectively. The results show that (1) from 2005 to 2015, ecological land decreased by 913.11 hm² due to the speedy expansion of construction during the rapid urbanization in the study area, and the centre of gravity of ecological land moved southward; (2) from 2005 to 2009, the cultivated land decreased while the other ecological land did not change significantly; from 2009 to 2015, the degree of patch fragmentation and landscape complexity decreased, while the ecological land, except for the cultivated land, increased rapidly; (3) from 2005 to 2015, the average equivalent area for ecological land increased from 0.28 to 0.31, indicating that the ecological quality was improved; the land quality of 57.01% of the whole region was improved, while only for 17.22% the land quality declined. Overall, the policy of ecological construction has played an effective role during the rapid urbanization, especially under the situation of shortage of ecological land. In the future, the Huaqiao administration should emphasize on improving the ecological quality of land in the central region and further on optimizing the land resource allocation in order to improve the overall ecological quality of land.

Key words: urban ecological construction, ecological quality, green infrastructure, GIS

中图分类号:

X826
Q149

汪明灿, 汪长天, 张银龙, 周曼丽, 李双, 李佳熙, 李海富, 吴永波. 苏州花桥国际商务城生态用地时空动态特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(9): 1154-1162.

WANG Ming-can, WANG Chang-tian, ZHANG Yin-long, ZHOU Man-li, LI Shuang, LI Jia-xi, LI Hai-fu, WU Yong-bo. Characteristics of Spatial-Temporal Dynamic Change in Ecological Land: A Case Study in Huaqiao International Service Business Park, Suzhou[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(9): 1154-1162.

参考文献

[1] 潘颖,林杰,佟光臣,等.2004-2014年太湖流域植被覆盖时空变化特征[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(1):37-45.[PAN Ying,LIN Jie,TONG Guang-chen,et al.Spatio-Temporal Variations of Vegetation Coverage in Taihu Lake Basin From 2004 to 2014[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2018,34(1):37-45.]
[2] SEWNET A,ABEBE G.Land Use and Land Cover Change and Implication to Watershed Degradation by Using GIS and Remote Sensing in the Koga Watershed,North Western Ethiopia[J].Earth Science Informatics,2018,11(1):99-108.
[3] SÜTO L,DOBÁNY Z,NOVÁK T J,et al.Long-Term Changes of Land Use/Land Cover Pattern in Human Transformed Microregions-Case Studies From Borsod-Abauj-Zemplén County,North Hungary[J].Carpathian Journal of Earth & Environmental Sciences,2017,12(2):473-483.
[4] TITEUX N,HENLE K,MIHOUB J B,et al.Global Scenarios for Biodiversity Need to Better Integrate Climate and Land Use Change[J].Diversity and Distributions,2017,23(11):1231-1234.
[5] CUI X Z,WANG X T.Urban Land Use Change and Its Effect on Social Metabolism:An Empirical Study in Shanghai[J].Habitat International,2015,49:251-259.
[6] CALDERÍN-CONTRERAS R,QUIROZ-ROSAS L E.Analysing Scale,Quality and Diversity of Green Infrastructure and the Provision of Urban Ecosystem Services:A Case From Mexico City[J].Ecosystem Services,2017,23:127-137.
[7] FENG Y J,LIU Y,TONG X H.Spatiotemporal Variation of Landscape Patterns and Their Spatial Determinants in Shanghai,China[J].Ecological Indicators,2018,87:22-32.
[8] PICKETT S T A,CADENASSO M L,CHILDERS D L,et al.Evolution and Future of Urban Ecological Science:Ecology in,of,and for the City[J].Ecosystem Health and Sustainability,2016,2(7):e01229.DOI:10.1002/ehs2.1229.
[9] BERGSTEN A,GALAFASSI D,BODIN Ö.The Problem of Spatial Fit in Social-Ecological Systems:Detecting Mismatches Between Ecological Connectivity and Land Management in an Urban Region[J].Ecology and Society,2014,19(4):6.
[10] MCPHEARSON T,KREMER P,HAMSTEAD Z A.Mapping Ecosystem Services in New York City:Applying a Social-Ecological Approach in Urban Vacant Land[J].Ecosystem Services,2013,5:11-26.
[11] 王军,钟莉娜,应凌霄.土地整治对生态系统服务影响研究综述[J].生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(9):803-812.[WANG Jun,ZHONG Li-na,YING Ling-xiao.Review on the Study of the Impacts of Land Consolidation on Ecosystem Services[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2018,34(9):803-812.]
[12] RODRÍGUEZ J P,BEARD T D Jr,BENNETT E M,et al.Trade-Offs across Space,Time,and Ecosystem Services[J].Ecology and Society,2006,11:28.
[13] 喻锋,李晓波,张丽君,等.中国生态用地研究:内涵、分类与时空格局[J].生态学报,2015,35(14):4931-4943.[YU Feng,LI Xiao-bo,ZHANG Li-jun,et al.Study of Ecological Land in China:Conception,Classification,and Spatialtemporal Pattern[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(14):4931-4943.]
[14] 宗毅,汪波.城市生态用地的"协调-集约"度创新研究[J].科学管理研究,2005,23(6):32-35,57.[ZONG Yi,WANG Bo.The Innovative Research of the "Harmonious-Intensive" Extent for Urban Eco-Land[J].Scientific Management Research,2005,23(6):32-35,57.]
[15] 韩学敏,濮励杰,朱明,等.环太湖地区有效生态用地面积的测算分析[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(22):301-305.[HAN Xue-min,PU Li-jie,ZHU Ming,et al.Calculation of the Area of Effective Ecological Land in the Region around Taihu Lake[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2010,26(22):301-305.]
[16] NICKEL S,HERTEL A,PESCH R,et al.Correlating Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Deposition With Respective Accumulation in Moss and Natural Surface Soil for Ecological Land Classes in Norway Between 1990 and 2010[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22(11):8488-8498.
[17] 邓红兵,陈春娣,刘昕,等.区域生态用地的概念及分类[J].生态学报,2009,29(3):1519-1524.[DENG Hong-bing,CHEN Chun-di,LIU Xin,et al.Conception and Function Classification of Regional Ecological Land[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(3):1519-1524.]
[18] ELLIS E C,KLEIN GOLDEWIJK K,SIEBERT S,et al.Anthropogenic Transformation of the Biomes,1700 to 2000[J].Global Ecology and Biogeography,2010,19(5):589-606.DOI:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00540.x.
[19] WICKHAM J D,RⅡTTERS K H,WADE T G,et al.A National Assessment of Green Infrastructure and Change for the Conterminous United States Using Morphological Image Processing[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2010,94(3/4):186-195.
[20] 董雅文,周雯,周岚,等.城市化地区生态防护研究:以江苏省南京市为例[J].城市研究,1999,14(2):6-8,10.
[21] 龙花楼,刘永强,李婷婷,等.生态用地分类初步研究[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(1):1-7.[LONG Hua-lou,LIU Yong-qiang,LI Ting-ting,et al.A Primary Study on Ecological Land Use Classification[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2015,24(1):1-7.]
[22] COSTANZA R,D'ARGE R,DE GROOT R,et al.The Value of the World's Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital[J].Nature,1997,387(6630):253-260.
[23] 谢高地,张彩霞,张雷明,等.基于单位面积价值当量因子的生态系统服务价值化方法改进[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(8):1243-1254.[XIE Gao-di,ZHANG Cai-xia,ZHANG Lei-ming,et al.Improvement of the Evaluation Method for Ecosystem Service Value Based on Per Unit Area[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2015,30(8):1243-1254.]
[24] 燕守广,张慧,李海东,等.江苏省陆地和生态红线区域生态系统服务价值[J].生态学报,2017,37(13):4511-4518.[YAN Shou-guang,ZHANG Hui,LI Hai-dong,et al.Ecosystem Service Values of the Entire Land Area and Ecological Redlines in Jiangsu Province[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(13):4511-4518.]
[25] 虎陈霞,郭旭东,连纲,等.长三角快速城市化地区土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响:以嘉兴市为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(3):333-340.[HU Chen-xia,GUO Xu-dong,LIAN Gang,et al.Effects of Land Use Change on Ecosystem Service Value in Rapid Urbanization Areas in Yangtze River Delta:A Case Study of Jiaxing City[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2017,26(3):333-340.]
[26] PENG J,ZHAO M Y,GUO X N,et al.Spatial-Temporal Dynamics and Associated Driving Forces of Urban Ecological Land:A Case Study in Shenzhen City,China[J].Habitat International,2017,60:81-90.
[27] HU X S,HONG W,QIU R Z,et al.Geographic Variations of Ecosystem Service Intensity in Fuzhou City,China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2015,512/513:215-226.
[28] 赵璊璊,冯莉,郭松,等.景观格局影响下的南京市热舒适度动态变化[J].长江流域资源与环境,2018,27(8):1712-1724.[ZHAO Men-men,FENG Li,GUO Song,et al.Impacts of Landscape Patterns on the Dynamic Changes of Thermal Comfort in Nanjing City[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2018,27(8):1712-1724.]
[29] 林金煌,吴思佳,陈文惠,等.闽三角地区农田景观格局演变及其生态服务功能研究[J].生态科学,2019,38(1):194-202.[LIN Jin-huang,WU Si-jia,CHEN Wen-hui,et al.The Evolution of Farmland Landscape Pattern and Its Ecological Service Functions in Fujian Delta Region[J].Ecological Science,2019,38(1):194-202.]
[30] 姚梦园,晏实江,吴艳兰.基于理想生态系统模式与三维景观指数的徽派村落空间特征解析:以呈坎为例[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(12):3905-3912.[YAO Meng-yuan,YAN Shi-jiang,WU Yan-lan.Spatial Characteristics Analysis of Huizhou-Styled Village Based on Ideal Ecosystem Model and 3D Landscape Indices:A Case in Chengkan,China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(12):3905-3912.]
[31] THAPA R,MURAYAMA Y.Examining Spatiotemporal Urbanization Patterns in Kathmandu Valley,Nepal:Remote Sensing and Spatial Metrics Approaches[J].Remote Sensing,2009,1(3):534-556.