山西南部山地蝴蝶多样性与生态位差异比较研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0663

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 1314-1321.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0663

山西南部山地蝴蝶多样性与生态位差异比较研究

郝淑莲¹, 薛琪琪², 冯丹丹², 李晓菲², 刘杨², 张志伟², 门丽娜²

1. 天津自然博物馆, 天津 300201;
2. 山西农业大学林学院/山西省林业危险性有害生物检验鉴定中心, 山西太谷 030801

收稿日期:2018-10-21 出版日期:2019-10-25 发布日期:2019-10-23
通讯作者: 张志伟, 门丽娜 E-mail:zhiweizhang2012@163.com;linamen81@163.com
作者简介:郝淑莲(1974-),女,山西晋城人,研究员,博士,主要从事鳞翅目昆虫系统学、保护生物学及博物馆学等方面的研究。E-mail:haoshulian@126.com
基金资助:
天津文博科研项目（TCHM2016007）；生物多样性调查评估项目（2019HJ2096001006）；生态环境部生物多样性保护专项资助项目；山西省留学人员科技活动择优资助项目；天津市宣传系统第五批"五个一批"人才项目；山西农业大学青年拔尖创新人才支持计划（TYIT201402）

Comparative Study on Butterfly Diversity and Niche Difference in Mountainous Region of Southern Shanxi Province

HAO Shu-lian¹, XUE Qi-qi², FENG Dan-dan², LI Xiao-fei², LIU Yang², ZHANG Zhi-wei², MEN Li-na²

1. Tianjin Natural History Museum, Tianjin 300202, China;
2. College of Forestry/Shanxi Dangerous Forest Pest Inspection and Identification Center, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China

Received:2018-10-21 Online:2019-10-25 Published:2019-10-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解山西南部地区的蝴蝶物种分布与生境之间的关系，分析蝴蝶对生态环境的指示作用，采取分层随机抽样，应用样线法对落叶阔叶林、旱田、常绿针叶林、灌丛和果园这5种不同生境的蝴蝶物种及数量进行观测和统计分析。调查期间共采集蝴蝶4 242只，隶属1总科5科65属共101种。采用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Simpson优势度指数和Margalef丰富度指数对研究区的蝴蝶群落多样性进行分析，并计算蝴蝶的空间生态位宽度与生态位重叠指数。结果表明：各科蝴蝶的多样性指数从大到小依次为蛱蝶科（3.174） > 灰蝶科（1.924） > 粉蝶科（1.630） > 弄蝶科（1.420） > 凤蝶科（1.146）；不同生境蝴蝶的多样性指数从大到小依次为灌丛（7.915） > 落叶阔叶林（7.645） > 常绿针叶林（7.622） > 果园（6.904）>旱田（5.684）。不同生境的蝴蝶物种多样性差别明显。各科蝴蝶的空间生态位宽度差别不大，都在0.6以上；各科蝴蝶的空间生态位重叠指数都在0.9以上，说明山西南部山地的各科蝴蝶所占用的空间资源无明显差别。

关键词: 山西南部, 蝴蝶, 物种多样性, 空间生态位, 生态位重叠

Abstract: The role of butterflies in the ecological environment was analyzed in order to evaluate the relationships between butterfly species distribution and different habitats. Five primary habitats (evergreen coniferous forest, shrubs, deciduous broad-leaved forest, dry field, orchards) in southern Shanxi Province were selected through the study of the stratified random sampling, and the butterfly species were identified and the species number was statistically analyzed. A total of 4 242 individuals were collected in the study, representing 101 species in 65 genera of 5 families. The community diversity of butterflies in the study area was analyzed by Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index, Simpson dominance index and Margalef richness index, spatial niche breadth and niche overlap index of butterflies were calculated. The results show that the variation tendency of diversity index among butterfly families was Nymphalidae (3.174) > Lycaenidae (1.924) > Pieridae (1.630) > Hesperiidae (1.420) > Papilionidae (1.146). The variation trend of butterfly diversity index among different habitats was shrub (7.915) > deciduous broad-leaved forest (7.645) > evergreen coniferous forest (7.622) > orchard (6.904) > dry field (5.684). It indicated that butterfly species diversity was obviously different between different habitats. The spatial niche width of every butterfly family had no obvious difference (above 0.6), and the spatial niche overlap index between each 2 butterfly families had no obvious difference as well (above 0.9). It indicated that different butterfly families had no obvious difference on the occupied spatial resources.

Key words: southern Shanxi Province, butterfly, species diversity, spatial niche, niche overlap

中图分类号:

郝淑莲, 薛琪琪, 冯丹丹, 李晓菲, 刘杨, 张志伟, 门丽娜. 山西南部山地蝴蝶多样性与生态位差异比较研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(10): 1314-1321.

HAO Shu-lian, XUE Qi-qi, FENG Dan-dan, LI Xiao-fei, LIU Yang, ZHANG Zhi-wei, MEN Li-na. Comparative Study on Butterfly Diversity and Niche Difference in Mountainous Region of Southern Shanxi Province[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(10): 1314-1321.

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山西南部山地蝴蝶多样性与生态位差异比较研究

Comparative Study on Butterfly Diversity and Niche Difference in Mountainous Region of Southern Shanxi Province

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