华东传统矿业城市生态网络重构研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0114

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 传统矿业城市生境碎片化严重，重构生态网络对提升区域生态系统服务和维护生物多样性及景观多样性具有重要意义。以徐州市中心城区为对象，采用形态学空间格局分析（MSPA）和景观指数方法，提取对维持城市生态系统健康具有重要价值的生境作为源地，利用最小累积阻力模型（MCR）构建阻力面并提取潜在生态廊道，并结合电路理论、图论和网络结构分析等方法定量评价和优化生态网络，重构徐州市中心城区生态安全网络。结果表明，徐州市中心城区生态源地共237个，面积为6 421.49 hm²，主要分布于西南部；尚需添加70块小生境和192条新的生态廊道，才能弥补现有生态网络的不足；重构后的生态网络使徐州市中心城区景观破碎化程度和分离度大幅度降低，斑块连通性和斑块结合度提高，区域景观格局和生态安全显著改善。该研究可为传统矿业城市转型、低效用地再开发以及国土空间规划提供科学依据。

关键词: 生态网络, 形态学空间格局分析(MSPA), 景观连通性, 最小累积阻力模型(MCR)

Abstract: The ecological habitation fragments in the traditional mining city is severely fragmented. Reconstructing the ecological networks is greatly critical to the improvement of the regional ecosystem services, as well as the maintaining of biodiversity and landscape diversity. For the reconstruction of the ecological safety network of Xuzhou City, morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA), and landscape index were used to extract the ecological sources with great value for the maintenance of urban ecosystems health. Then, the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCR) was used to build ecological resistance surfaces and extract the potential ecological corridors. Circuit theory combined with the graph theory and network structure analysis were used to quantitatively evaluate and optimize the ecological network. The results show that there are 237 ecological sources, mainly distributed in the southwest part of Xuzhou City, with a total area of 6 421.49 hm². However, additional 70 small ecological habitats and 192 ecological corridors should be added to make up the deficiencies of current ecological network. The reconstruction of ecological network could obviously reduce the landscape fragmentation and patch separation, and increase the patch connectivity and adhesion degree, and as a result the regional landscape pattern and ecological security will be improved. This research could provide scientific reference for the transformation of the traditional mining cities, and redevelopment of inefficient land, as well as land space planning.

Key words: ecological network, morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA), landscape connectivity, minimal cumulative resistance model (MCR)

中图分类号:

X171.4

朱凤, 杨宝丹, 杨永均, 张绍良, 李钢, 陈浮. 华东传统矿业城市生态网络重构研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(1): 26-33.

ZHU Feng, YANG Bao-dan, YANG Yong-jun, ZHANG Shao-liang, LI Gang, CHEN Fu. Research on the Ecological Network Reconstruction of Traditional Mining City in East China[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(1): 26-33.

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