广西水生蔬菜和陆生蔬菜多环芳烃污染特征

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0590

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究水生蔬菜和陆生蔬菜产品器官（可食用部分）中16种优先控制的多环芳烃（PAHs）污染特征，采集广西4个水生蔬菜主产区的水生蔬菜与相邻地块的陆生蔬菜，分析不同蔬菜种类PAHs的含量和组成差异，并对人体摄食蔬菜暴露PAHs的健康风险进行评估。结果表明：4个蔬菜产区水生蔬菜土壤中16种PAHs的总量（G_16PAHs）为1 235.24 μg·kg^-1，高于陆生蔬菜土壤（1 006.22 μg·kg^-1），且水生蔬菜土壤中5~6环PAHs和7种致癌性PAHs的含量（G_c7PAHs）显著高于陆生蔬菜土壤。水生蔬菜6环PAHs及G_c7PAHs含量（除贺州市外）显著高于陆生蔬菜，2~3环PAHs含量显著低于陆生蔬菜。蔬菜产品器官低中环PAHs含量大于高环PAHs。水生蔬菜5~6环PAHs及G_16PAHs与土壤PAHs含量呈正相关性，陆生蔬菜5环及G_c7PAHs含量与土壤PAHs含量呈正相关性，但两者均未达显著水平（P > 0.05）。人体摄食蔬菜终身致癌风险值（R_ILC）表现为儿童 > 成年人 > 老人 > 青少年，成年人和老人R_ILC值表现为男性>女性；人群摄食不同蔬菜的R_ILC值表现为叶菜类 > 果菜类 > 水生蔬菜。

关键词: 水生蔬菜, 陆生蔬菜, 多环芳烃, 污染特征, 致癌风险

Abstract: To explore the characteristics of 16 kinds of PAHs pollution in edible part of aquatic and terrestrial vegetables, 4 kinds of aquatic vegetables and terrestrial vegetables located in the same area were collected for analyzing the content and composition of PAHs in vegetables. Meanwhile, the health risk assessment of PAHs in vegetables was also investigated. The results show that the contents of G_16PAHs in the soils of aquatic vegetable fields was 1 235.24 μg·kg^-1, higher than those in terrestrial vegetable soils (1 006.22 μg·kg^-1). Moverover, the contents of 5 and 6-ring PAHs and 7 PAHs (G_c7PAHs) attributed to Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (R_ILC) were also significantly higher than those in soils of terrestrial vegetable fields. In addition, except the location of Hezhou City, the contents of 6-ring PAHs and G_c7PAHs in edible part of aquatic vegetables were significantly higher than those in terrestrial vegetables too. By contrast, the rates of 2 and 3-ring PAHs in terrestrial vegetables were all over 50%, all significantly higher than those in aquatic vegetables. The edible part of vegetables was mainly contaminated by the low molecular weight of PAHs, and their contents were all higher than those of high molecular weight of PAHs. It was also found that there was a positive correlation between the contents of 5-ring PAHs, 6-ring PAHs and G_16PAHs in aquatic vegetables and those in soils. And there was the same correlation between the contents of 5-ring PAHs and G_c7PAHs in terrestrial vegetables and those in soils, but difference was not significant (P > 0.05). The R_ILC for human being under different ages, which was induced by PAHs-contaminated vegetables, was in an order of child > adult > senior > adolescent. And the value of R_ILC for male in adult and senior stages was higher than that in female. Meanwhile, the R_ILC of PAHs in different vegetables was in an order of leafy vegetables > fruit vegetables > aquatic vegetables.

Key words: aquatic vegetables, terrestrial vegetables, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pollution characteristics, cancer risk

中图分类号:

X56
S645

赵体跃, 龙明华, 乔双雨, 孙俏建, 何刚健, 梁勇生. 广西水生蔬菜和陆生蔬菜多环芳烃污染特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(4): 505-514.

ZHAO Ti-yue, LONG Ming-hua, QIAO Shuang-yu, SUN Qiao-jian, HE Gang-jian, LIANG Yong-sheng. Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Pollution in Aquatic and Terrestrial Vegetables in Guangxi Province[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(4): 505-514.

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