1992-2018年轿子山自然保护区人为活动遥感监测

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.1002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用卫星遥感技术监测自然保护区的人为活动，具有实时、高效、客观和准确的优势，通过遥感图像判读和提取人为干扰程度和时空分布格局，可及时评估和发现管护中存在的问题，以支持基层管理单位的决策和行动，对科学评估和提升自然保护区的管护成效具有重要意义。以多期Landsat和高分辨率卫星影像为数据源，提取轿子山自然保护区1992、2000和2018年包括居民用地、农业用地、交通用地、其他建设用地和旅游用地在内的人为活动信息，并利用土地利用类型转移矩阵和人为活动干扰指数，分析了人为活动时空变化格局。结果显示：（1）在不同时期保护区存在不同程度的人类干扰，干扰面积占比呈现波动变化，由1992年的1.563%增加到2000年的2.191%，后又下降到2018年的1.412%。（2）人为活动类型及干扰强度随时间动态变化，1992-2018年保护区人为活动由居民用地和农业用地为主转向新增旅游用地、交通用地和其他建设用地占比增大；人为活动干扰指数由1992年的6.64×10^-4增加到2000年7.90×10^-4及2018年的6.80×10^-4；（3）人为活动空间格局随时间呈明显动态变化，1992-2018年核心区内仍存在少量人为活动，缓冲区人为活动有所减少，并有向实验区明显扩展的趋势。研究表明，1992、2000和2018年分别为自然保护区处于市级、省级及国家级管护下的时间点，人为活动面积整体有所减少；但人为干扰仍然较大，近年来旅游开发和农业发展是其主要驱动因素。

关键词: 轿子山, 自然保护区, 人为干扰, 遥感监测

Abstract: Using satellite remote sensing technology to monitor human activities in nature reserves has advantages of being real-time, efficient, objective and accurate. Remote sensing images can be used to interpret and extract the degree of human interference and its spatial-temporal distribution patterns, thus problems existing in management and protection can be discovered and evaluated timely to support the decision-making practice of local management, which is of great significance for scientifically evaluating and improving the effectiveness of management and conservation in nature reserves. Taking multi-time period Landsat and high-resolution satellite imagery as data sources, the human activities of Jiaozi Mountain nature reserve in 1992, 2000 and 2018 were extracted, including the residential area, farmland, transportation land, other construction land, and tourism land. Subsequently, the temporal and spatial patterns of human activities were analyzed with land cover transfer matrix and disturbance index. The results show that (1) The human disturbance in the nature reserve during each period changed to some extent, and the area ratio fluctuated from 1.563% in 1992 to 2.191% in 2000 and then fell to 1.412% in 2018. (2) Types and intensity of human disturbance dynamically varied over time with residential area and farmland dominated in 1992 and the ratio of tourism land, transportation land and other construction land increased in 2018. The human impact index increased from 6.64×10^-4 in 1992 to 7.90×10^-4 in 2000 and then decreased to 6.80×10^-4 in 2018. (3) The spatial patterns of human activities showed dynamic changes over time. During 1992 and 2018, there was still a small number of human activities in the core area, with obviously decreasing in the buffer zone and gradually expanding to the experimental area. The findings implied that the area of human activities and disturbances have been reduced overall since the nature reserve under different managing levels of municipal in 1992, provincial in 2000, and national in 2018. However, human interference is still severe in the nature reserve, the development of tourism and agriculture in recent years accounts for the main driving factors.

Key words: Jiaozi Mountain, nature reserve, human disturbance, remote sensing monitoring

中图分类号:

张明莎, 刘乾飞, 王敬文, 蔡颖, 柏智刚, 叶江霞. 1992-2018年轿子山自然保护区人为活动遥感监测[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(9): 1097-1105.

ZHANG Ming-sha, LIU Qian-fei, WANG Jing-wen, CAI Ying, BAI Zhi-gang, YE Jiang-xia. Monitoring Human Activities in Jiaozi Mountain Nature Reserve Based on Remote Sensing During 1992-2018[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(9): 1097-1105.

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