某搬迁企业原址用地土壤中Pb污染成因及其生态风险评价研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0892

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以某搬迁企业原址土壤为研究对象，采用单因子指数法、地累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对土壤中Pb污染及其生态风险进行了综合评价分析，并从多角度对土壤中Pb污染成因与空间分布特征进行研究。结果表明，土壤中Pb超标点位所占比例为73.56%。从污染水平看，研究区土壤中Pb的单因子指数平均值（P_AVG）和地累积指数平均值（I_AVG）分别为1.07和1.47，分别属于轻微污染和中等累积水平。垂向污染特征表现为地表以下0~10.0 m深度土壤Pb污染以>6.0~10.0 m污染最重，10.0 m以下逐渐减轻。从土壤Pb污染成因看，大量回填的硫铁矿渣、生产车间和原材料堆存区域的污染渗漏、厂区拆除垃圾以及极强碱性土壤环境是土壤中Pb污染较重的主要原因。从生态风险水平看，研究区土壤中Pb生态风险总体较低，污染较重的土壤生态风险较高。可见，采用多种方法对土壤中Pb污染进行评价和分析，其结果一致性较好，可靠性较高。

关键词: Pb污染, 单因子指数法, 地累积指数法, 生态风险

Abstract: Taking the soil of an old site of a relocated enterprise as the research object, the single factor index method, the geo-accumulation index method, and the potential ecological risk index method were used to comprehensively evaluate Pb pollution and ecological risk in the soil. The pollution causes and spatial distribution characteristics of Pb in the soil were also studied from multiple perspectives. The results show that the Pb content of 73.56% of the sampling points exceeded the standard. In terms of pollution level, the average values of single factor index and geo-accumulation index of Pb in the soil in the study site were 1.07 (slightly polluted) and 1.47 (moderately accumulated), respectively. Pb pollution in soil, was particularly heaviy from >6.0~10.0 meters below the soil surface, and then gradually decreased from below 10.0 meters. From the perspective of the causes of Pb pollution in soil, a large amount of backfilled iron sulfide slag, pollution leakage from the original production workshops and raw material storage area, building rubbish and extremely alkaline soil are the main causes of the high content and heavy pollution of Pb in the soil. However, the ecological risk of Pb in soil of this site is relatively low in generally. It could be concluded that the evaluation results of soil Pb pollution and its ecological risk by using multiple methods are relatively consistent and reliable.

Key words: Pb pollution, single factor index method, geo-accumulation index method, ecological risk

中图分类号:

胡昱欣, 宋炜, 周瑞静, 金子文, 倪宝峰, 李小朋. 某搬迁企业原址用地土壤中Pb污染成因及其生态风险评价研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(8): 1066-1072.

HU Yu-xin, SONG Wei, ZHOU Rui-jing, JIN Zi-wen, NI Bao-feng, LI Xiao-peng. Study on the Causes and Assessment of Ecological Risk of Soil Pb Pollution at the Old Site of a Relocated Enterprise[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(8): 1066-1072.

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