农田丁草胺和苄嘧磺隆的残留特征及消解动态

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解农田丁草胺和苄嘧磺隆的残留状况及降解动态。选取南京市郊两个代表性农业种植区域，分别于2019年6月和11月采集土壤和农作物样品，采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC-UV)分析样品中丁草胺和苄嘧磺隆残留，并通过室内模拟实验探究其在农田土壤中的消解动态。结果表明，丁草胺和苄嘧磺隆在农田土壤的检出率分别为54.55% 和63.64%，农作物样品中则未检出。土壤中丁草胺和苄嘧磺隆最高残留含量分别为1.578和0.102 mg·kg^-1。苄嘧磺隆在两个采样区域农田土壤中的残留量无显著性差异，而丁草胺在两个区域的残留量存在显著性差异(P＜0.01)。进一步分析发现，这2种除草剂残留量与土壤有机质含量呈显著负相关，苄嘧磺隆残留量与pH值呈显著正相关。室内模拟试验结果显示土壤中丁草胺和苄嘧磺隆的半衰期分别为7.94和13.08 d，降解速率常数分别为0.087和0.053 d^-1，农田土壤中除草剂残留量与其降解特性有关。

关键词: 农田, 丁草胺, 苄嘧磺隆, 残留特征, 消解动态

Abstract: In order to investigate the state of residuals and the degradation dynamics of butachlor and bensulfuron methyl in farmlands, soils and crops were sampled from two representative plantation areas in the suburbs of Nanjing in June and November 2019, respectively. Then, an analysis was conducted for the butachlor and bensulfuron methyl residues contained in the collected samples through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV). The degradation dynamics of the herbicides were explored through the simulation performed under laboratory conditions. The detection rate of butachlor and bensulfuron methyl reached to 54.55% and 63.64%, respectively, while the maximum concentration of butachlor and bensulfuron methyl residues reached to 1.578 and 0.102 mg·kg^-1, respectively. Besides, there was a significant difference found in the content of butachlor residue between the two sampling areas(P < 0.01). Bensulfuron methyl residue was found to be negatively correlated with soil organic matter, but positively related to pH value. While butachlor residue was revealed to be negatively correlated with soil organic matter, but irrelevant to pH value in acidic environment. According to the results of simulation test conducted in the laboratory, the degradation dynamics of bensulfuron methyl and butachlor conformed to the first-order kinetic equation. Moreover, their half-lives reached to 7.94 and 13.08 d, respectively, while their dissipation rate was 0.087 and 0.053 d^-1, respectively. The amount of herbicide residue in farmland soil was related to the characteristics of its degradation.

Key words: agricultural field, butachlor, bensulfuron methyl, residual characteristics, degradation dynamics

中图分类号:

王丹琴, 王雪, 朱雪竹, 赵海燕, 林超霸. 农田丁草胺和苄嘧磺隆的残留特征及消解动态[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(1): 120-125.

WANG Dan-qin, WANG Xue, ZHU Xue-zhu, ZHAO Hai-yan, LIN Chao-ba. Residual Characteristics and Degradation Dynamics of Butachlor and Bensulfuron Methyl in Agricultural Fields[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(1): 120-125.

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