改性及复合黏土矿物调理剂对土壤镉有效性和稻米镉含量的影响

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0206

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 654-659.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0206

改性及复合黏土矿物调理剂对土壤镉有效性和稻米镉含量的影响

邱炜^1,2, 周通¹, 李远³, 沈一尘^1,2, 朱侠^1,2, 贠豪^2,3, 骆永明^1,2, 徐应明⁴

1. 中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室南京土壤研究所, 江苏南京 210008;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
3. 中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室烟台海岸带研究所, 山东烟台 264003;
4. 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191

收稿日期:2021-04-07 出版日期:2022-05-25 发布日期:2022-05-25
通讯作者: 骆永明,E-mail:ymluo@issas.ac.cn;徐应明,E-mail:ymxu1999@126.com E-mail:ymluo@issas.ac.cn;ymxu1999@126.com
作者简介:邱炜(1995-),男,甘肃天水人,主要研究方向为土壤重金属污染修复原理与技术。E-mail:qiuwei@issas.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重大项目(41991330)

Effects of the Modified and Compounded Clay Mineral Conditioners on Cadmium Availability in Soil and Cadmium Content in Brown Rice

QIU Wei^1,2, ZHOU Tong¹, LI Yuan³, SHEN Yi-chen^1,2, ZHU Xia^1,2, YUN Hao^2,3, LUO Yong-ming^1,2, XU Ying-ming⁴

1. CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;
4. Agro-environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China

Received:2021-04-07 Online:2022-05-25 Published:2022-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选择镉(Cd)污染农田土壤(全Cd含量为0.79 mg·kg^-1,pH 6.71)进行盆栽试验,比较研究了巯基化海泡石(SGP,pH为9.31,施用量为0.5 g·kg^-1)、氨基化凹凸棒(ISS-1,pH为9.78,施用量为0.5 g·kg^-1)和腐殖质-海泡石复合体(ISS-2,pH为9.94,施用量为1.3 g·kg^-1)3种碱性调理剂对土壤溶液Cd浓度、0.1 mol·L^-1氯化钙提取态Cd浓度、水稻生长和糙米Cd含量的影响。试验结果表明,SGP、ISS-1和ISS-2这3种调理剂施用后前3周均能快速降低土壤溶液Cd浓度。施用SGP后,水稻分蘖期、拔节期和成熟期土壤氯化钙提取态Cd浓度分别降低47.2%、50.1%和48.6%,而施用ISS-1仅降低拔节期(25.4%)土壤氯化钙提取态Cd浓度,施用ISS-2只降低分蘖期(20.2%)和拔节期(25.3%)土壤氯化钙提取态Cd浓度。施用SGP和ISS-2后糙米Cd含量分别降低35.2%和34.7%,施用ISS-1对糙米Cd含量没有显著影响。不同调理剂对水稻株高、产量、有效分蘖数和千粒重,以及土壤pH均没有显著影响。土壤Cd生物有效性的降低可能主要与调理剂的吸附和络合等作用有关。在轻度Cd污染的中性农田土壤中,控量施用改性及复合黏土矿物调理剂(SGP和ISS-2)可以在不显著改变土壤酸碱性条件下有效降低土壤Cd生物有效性和稻米Cd含量。

关键词: 镉, 稻田土壤, 土壤溶液取样器, 氯化钙可提取态, 稻米镉含量, 改性及复合黏土矿物

Abstract: Pot experiments using a cadmium (Cd)-contaminated agricultural soil (total Cd 0.79 mg·kg^-1, pH 6.71) were carried out to study the influence of three alkaline conditioners, namely mercapto-modified sepiolite (SGP, pH 9.31, application rate 0.5 g·kg^-1), amino-modified attapulgite (ISS-1, pH 9.78, application rate 0.5 g·kg^-1) and humus-sepiolite complex (ISS-2, pH 9.94, application rate 1.3 g·kg^-1) on soil total and 0.1 mol·L^-1 calcium chloride (CaCl₂)-extractable Cd, rice biomass and brown rice Cd content. Soil solution Cd concentrations declined rapidly during the first three weeks after application of SGP, ISS-1 and ISS-2 conditioners by 47.2%, 50.1% and 48.6% at the tillering, jointing and maturity growth stages, respectively. ISS-1 application decreased only soil CaCl₂-extractable Cd at jointing (25.4%). ISS-2 application decreased soil CaCl₂-extractable Cd concentrations at tillering (20.2%) and jointing (25.3%). SGP and ISS-2 applications also decreased the Cd contents in brown rice by 35.2% and 34.7%, respectively, but treatment with ISS-1 had no significant effect. All three conditioners showed no significant effect on rice plant height or yield, ratio of productive tillers, 1 000-grain weight, or soil pH. The decrease observed in soil Cd bioavailability may be related to adsorption and complexation by the conditioners. Controlled application rates of the modified and compounded clay mineral conditioners (SGP and ISS-2) to slightly Cd-contaminated neutral agricultural soil may effectively reduce soil Cd bioavailability and brown rice Cd content without any significant change in soil pH.

Key words: cadmium, paddy soil, soil solution sampler, CaCl₂-extractable fraction, cadmium content in brown rice, modified and compounded clay mineral

中图分类号:

邱炜, 周通, 李远, 沈一尘, 朱侠, 贠豪, 骆永明, 徐应明. 改性及复合黏土矿物调理剂对土壤镉有效性和稻米镉含量的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(5): 654-659.

QIU Wei, ZHOU Tong, LI Yuan, SHEN Yi-chen, ZHU Xia, YUN Hao, LUO Yong-ming, XU Ying-ming. Effects of the Modified and Compounded Clay Mineral Conditioners on Cadmium Availability in Soil and Cadmium Content in Brown Rice[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(5): 654-659.

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改性及复合黏土矿物调理剂对土壤镉有效性和稻米镉含量的影响

Effects of the Modified and Compounded Clay Mineral Conditioners on Cadmium Availability in Soil and Cadmium Content in Brown Rice

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