生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 157-164.doi:

• 自然保护与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

盐胁迫对油菜幼苗生长和光合特征的影响

刘国红, 姜超强, 刘兆普, 梁明祥, 殷祥贞, 郑青松   

  1. 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院
  • 收稿日期:2011-10-21 修回日期:2011-11-14 出版日期:2012-03-25 发布日期:2012-03-27
  • 通讯作者: 郑青松 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院 E-mail:qszheng@njau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘国红(1984—),女,山东临沂人,硕士生,主要从事植物耐盐与分子生物学方面的研究。E-mail:hongguo8888@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903001-05);国家科技支撑计划(2009BAD3B04-8);江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2011368)

Effects of Salt Stress on Growth and Photosynthetic Traits of Canola Seedlings

LIU  Guo-Hong, JIANG  Chao-Qiang, LIU  Zhao-Pu, LIANG  Ming-Xiang, YIN  Xiang-Zhen, ZHENG  Qing-Song   

  1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University
  • Received:2011-10-21 Revised:2011-11-14 Online:2012-03-25 Published:2012-03-27
  • Contact: ZHENG Qing-Song College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University E-mail:qszheng@njau.edu.cn

摘要: 采用盆栽砂培试验,研究了不同浓度(0、50、100、200、300 mmol·L-1)NaCl胁迫10和30 d对油菜(Brassica napus)幼苗干质量、叶绿素(Chl)含量、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、细胞间CO2浓度(xi)、蒸腾速率(Rt)、水分利用效率(Ew,u)和气孔限制值(Ls)等的影响。结果表明,在NaCl胁迫下,油菜幼苗植株干质量显著降低,长期高盐胁迫下干质量降低更显著;随NaCl浓度的增加,Chl含量、Chl a/Chl b比值均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,处理10 d,Chl含量、Chl a/Chl b比值在NaCl 浓度为200 mmol·L-1 条件下达最大值,处理30 d,在NaCl浓度为100 mmol·L-1  条件下达最大值。在50~100 mmol·L-1 NaCl胁迫下,油菜叶片的PnxiLs所受影响均很小,高盐胁迫下,其PnGsRt均显著下降,而Ew,uLs则显著上升。相关分析显示,植株干质量与Chl含量、Chl a/Chl b比值间无相关性,与Na+、Cl-含量,Ew,uLs间呈显著负相关(P<0.01),与根冠比,K+、Ca2+含量,K+/Na+、Ca2+/Na+比值,K+与Na+的选择性比率[S(K+,Na+)],Ca2+与Na+的选择性比率[S(Ca2+,Na+)],PnGsxiRt间呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。上述结果表明,200 mmol·L-1 NaCl胁迫10和30 d、300 mmol·L-1 NaCl胁迫10 d,油菜幼苗光合抑制主要来自气孔限制,而300 mmol·L-1 NaCl胁迫30 d,气孔限制和非气孔限制在油菜幼苗光合抑制中均具有重要作用。Na+、Cl-、K+、Ca2+含量,Ew,uLs,根冠比,K+/Na+、Ca2+/Na+比值,S(K+,Na+),S(Ca2+,Na+),PnGsxiRt均可以作为油菜生长盐适应性的评价指标。

关键词: 油菜, 幼苗, 盐胁迫, 光合特性, 气孔限制

Abstract: A pot experiment was carriend out using canola in sand culture to explore effects of 10 and 30 days of NaCl strees(0、50、100、200、300 mmol·L-1)on biomass,chlorophyll (Chl),net photosynthetic rate (Pn),stomatal conductivity (Gs),intercellular CO2 concentration(xi),transpiration rate (Ew,u)and stomatal limitation(Ls)of canola seedlings.Results show that NaCl stress decreased significantly plant dry weight,especially when the salt was high in concentration and existed for a long time;with increasing NaCl concentration,chlorophyll (Chl)content and Chl a/Chl b ratio both displayed a variation pattern of asceding first and descending later,and peaked under the strees of 200 mmol·L-1NaCl,for 10 days and under the strees of 100 NaCl for 30 days.Pn,xiand Lsin canola leaves growing under the stress of 50 and 100 mmol·L-1NaCl strees were not much affected,but,Pn,Gs,xi and Rtwere markedly decreased when the stress was higher,however,in this case,Ew,uand Ls increased significantly.Correlation analysis indicated that biomass(dry weight)of canola was insignificantly related to Chl content and Chl a/Chl b ratio,but significantly and negatively related to Na+,Cl- content,Ew,uand Ls,and significantly and positively related to root/shoot ration(R/S),K+,Ca2+content,K+/Na+,Ca2+/Na+ratio,K+and Na+selectivity ratio[S(K+,Na+)],Ca2+and Na+selectivity ratio[S(Ca2+,Na+)],Pn,Gs,xiand Rt.The findings indicate that in seedings under the stress of 200 mmol·L-1NaCl for 10 or 30 days,or 300 mmol·L-1NaCl for 10 days,stomatal limitation was the major restraint of photosynthesis.But when the stress was increased to 300 mmol·L-1NaCl for 30 days,both stomatal and nonstomatal limitations played important roles in restraining photosynthesis.Na+,Cl-,K+and Ca2+contents,Ew,u, Ls,R/S,K+/Na+,Ca2+/Na+,S(K+,Na+),S(Ca2+,Na+),Pn,Gs,xi and Rtcan all be regarded as indexes for evaluation of canola in salt adaptability.

Key words: canola, seedling, salt strees, photosynthetic trait, stomatal limitation

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