不同侵蚀强度对崩岗稀土迁移及阻控的影响

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0316

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为阐明在极度退化生态系统中不同土壤侵蚀强度崩岗的稀土含量特征，探讨阻控稀土迁移的生态恢复措施，选取福建省长汀县濯田镇黄泥坑崩岗群中3种不同侵蚀强度的崩岗样地，分析不同土壤侵蚀强度对崩岗样地土壤中稀土元素含量特征及水平迁移的影响。结果显示：强度侵蚀崩岗稀土含量最高值出现在沟道部位，中度和微度侵蚀崩岗稀土含量最高值出现在崩积区部位；同一土壤侵蚀强度下，崩岗与对照坡面不同部位土壤中稀土总量均达到显著性差异（P<0.05）；稀土结合形态中以可交换态和残渣态占据绝对优势，且崩岗中可交换态稀土含量明显高于非崩岗坡面；芒萁生长地非根际土生物可给态平均含量为214.90 mg·kg^-1，根际土生物可给态平均含量达231.78 mg·kg^-1。研究结果表明随着崩岗土壤侵蚀强度的加深，稀土呈现出向下游迁移能力增强的趋势，应加强极度退化生态系统崩岗的生态恢复治理，减少表层土壤流失量，阻控稀土的水平迁移量。稀土超累积植物（芒萁）的生态恢复措施有利于促进土壤中稀土元素向芒萁的迁移、累积，一定程度上可阻控稀土的水平迁移，从而降低潜在的生态风险水平。研究成果可为拓展崩岗稀土阻控的生态恢复治理提供科学依据。

关键词: 崩岗, 稀土迁移, 生态阻控, 侵蚀强度, 芒萁

Abstract: Benggang is vividly called "ecological ulcer" in the south red soil area. The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics of rare earth elements (REEs) in collapsed hillocks (Benggang) with different soil erosion intensities in extremely degraded ecosystems and to explore the ecological restoration measures in controlling REEs migration. Taking 3 Benggang samples in Huangnikeng, Zhuotian Town, Changting County of Fujian Province representing 3 different erosion intensities (mild, intense, and extremely intense) as the study cases, the effects of different soil erosion intensities on contents characteristics and horizontal migration of REEs in Bengbang system were analyzed. The results show that the highest content of REEs in Benggang with intense erosion occurred in the gully area, while the highest content of REEs in Benggang with mild and intense erosion occurred in the colluvial area. Under the same soil erosion intensity, the REE contents in the soil of different parts of the slope of Benggang and the control slope were significantly different (P<0.05). The exchangeable and residual forms of REEs were dominant among the rare earth binding forms additionally, exchangeable REEs content in Benggang systems was significantly higher than that of non-collapsed slope. The average content of bioavailable forms in non-rhizosphere soil of Dicranopteris dichotoma was 214.90 mg·kg^-1, while in rhizosphere soil was 231.78 mg·kg^-1. The research results show that with the intensification of soil erosion in Benggang, the migration capacity of REEs to the downstream was enhanced. Therefore, the ecological restoration and management of Benggang system in the extremely degraded ecosystem should be strengthened to reduce the loss of surface soil and prevent and control horizontal migration of REEs. The ecological restoration measure of rare earth hyper-accumulated plants will be beneficial to prevent and control the REEs horizontal migration in the degraded Benggang ecosystem. Consequently, the distribution of Dicranopteris dichotoma, one of the REEs accumulation plants, showed that the available REEs can migrate from the original soil to the Dicranopteris dichotoma, which can be beneficial to control REEs migration and reduce the potential ecological risk. The results can provide a theoretical basis for expanding the ecological restoration fields of REEs control in Benggang.

Key words: Benggang, REEs migration, ecological resistance, erosion intensity, Dicranopteris dichotoma

中图分类号:

S154.1

梁美霞, 陈志彪, 陈志强, 郑宗沧, 区晓琳. 不同侵蚀强度对崩岗稀土迁移及阻控的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(3): 375-382.

LIANG Mei-xia, CHEN Zhi-biao, CHEN Zhi-qiang, ZHENG Zong-cang, OU Xiao-lin. Effects of Different Erosion Intensities on Rare Earth Elements Migration and Control in Benggang[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(3): 375-382.

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