污泥生物炭强化人工湿地处理生活污水性能研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0489

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究生物炭对人工湿地处理生活污水的强化作用,同时解决污泥的资源化再利用问题,以沸石和污泥生物炭为基质构建上行垂直流人工湿地系统,以沸石基人工湿地A为对照组,并设置2组不同生物炭投加量的湿地B和C〔顶层填料V(生物炭)∶V(沸石)分别为1∶2和1∶1〕。探究了污泥生物炭及其投加量对人工湿地脱氮除磷的强化效果,以及水力停留时间(HRT)对污染物去除效果的影响,并结合静态吸附试验和表征数据分析污泥生物炭对TP的吸附特性和机理。结果表明:污泥生物炭的添加显著提高了污染物的去除效果,与湿地A相比,湿地C对COD、TN、NH₄⁺-N及TP的去除效果更好,去除率分别提高7.56、15.99、11.97和40.77个百分点;较长的HRT更有利于污染物的去除,当HRT为3 d时,湿地对污染物的去除效果更好;污泥生物炭对TP的吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程,吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型,其对TP的最大吸附量达1.42 mg·g^-1;吸附机理主要包括物理吸附、官能团络合及矿物质沉淀作用。研究表明,污泥生物炭的吸附量大且成本低,将其作为新型湿地填料具有良好的应用价值,对解决水污染问题也具有借鉴意义。

关键词: 污泥生物炭, 人工湿地, 去除率, 水力停留时间, 吸附

Abstract: In order to investigate the strengthening effect of biochar on the domestic sewage treatment capacity of constructed wetland (CW) as well as for the reuse of sludge, a vertical upflowed CW was constructed using zeolite and sludge biochar as substrates, with zeolite-based CW A as the control group, and two groups of wetlands B and C with different biochar dosages were set up with the top filler V(biochar)∶V(zeolite) as 1∶2 and 1∶1, respectively. The enhanced effect of sludge biochar and its dosing on nitrogen and phosphorus removal in CW, and the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on pollutant removal were explored. The adsorption characteristics and mechanism of sludge biochar on TP were analyzed by static adsorption experiment and characterization data. The results indicate that the dosage of sludge biochar significantly improved the efficiency of pollutant removal. Compared with group A, group C had better removal effect on COD, TN, NH₄⁺-N, and TP, with removal rates increased by 7.56, 15.99, 11.97, and 40.77 percentage point, respectively. Longer HRT is more conducive to pollutant removal, when HRT=3 d, the removal rate presented better results. The adsorption kinetics of TP by sludge biochar corresponds to the quasi-second-order kinetic equation, while the adsorption isotherm is consistent with the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity of sludge biochar for TP is 1.42 mg·g^-1. The adsorption mechanism mainly included physical adsorption, functional group complexation, and mineral precipitation. The research has proved the high adsorption capacity and low cost of sludge biochar, along with its good application potential on wetland filler. It also extends its massive reference significance in terms of water pollution issues.

Key words: sludge biochar, constructed wetland, removal rate, hydraulic retention time, adsorption

中图分类号:

X52
X705

马洁晨, 杨郑州, 陈建, 龚明杰, 杨明, 汪军. 污泥生物炭强化人工湿地处理生活污水性能研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(3): 412-421.

MA Jie-chen, YANG Zheng-zhou, CHEN Jian, GONG Ming-jie, YANG Ming, WANG Jun. Enhanced Domestic Sewage Pollutants Degradation Using Sludge Biochar in Constructed Wetlands[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(3): 412-421.

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