改性生物炭对萘的吸附效果与机理

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.1020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以稻壳与鸡粪为原料制备生物炭，并用HNO₃与NaOH改性，研究改性生物炭对萘的吸附效果与机理。采用X射线衍射（XRD）、比表面积分析和红外光谱对生物炭进行表征分析，并考察生物炭投加量、pH值和改性条件等因素对吸附效果的影响。结果表明，改性后生物炭平均孔径有所减小，总孔体积增加，除HNO₃改性稻壳生物炭外比表面积也都有所增加；HNO₃改性后生物炭含氧官能团增多，NaOH改性后稻壳生物炭芳香性增加。生物炭对萘的等温吸附可用Freundlich模型较好地拟合，其中NaOH改性稻壳生物炭吸附效果最好。随着生物炭投加量的增加，萘的单位吸附量有所减少；溶液pH值增加则不利于萘的吸附。改性条件表明，稻壳生物炭更适合NaOH改性，鸡粪生物炭更适合HNO₃改性，并且HNO₃浓度越高越好。推测生物炭对萘的吸附机理可能是孔隙吸附，尤其是微孔吸附，也有一部分π-π相互作用。

关键词: 生物炭, 改性, 萘, 吸附, 机理

Abstract: Biochars were prepared from rice husk and chicken manure, and then were modified with HNO₃ and NaOH. The effect and mechanism of modified biochar on adsorption of naphthalene were studied. XRD, specific surface area analysis, and infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the biochar, and the effects of parameters such as adsorbent dosage, solution pH value, and modifying conditions on the adsorption were investigated. The results show that the average pore diameter of the modified biochar decreased, and the total pore volume and the specific surface area increased except for HNO₃ modified rice husk biochar. The oxygen-containing functional groups of biochar modified with HNO₃ increased, and the aroma of rice husk biochar modified with NaOH increased. The adsorption isotherms of naphthalene by biochar were better fitted by Freundlich model, and NaOH modified rice husk biochar had the best adsorption effect. As adsorbent dosage increased, the unit adsorption capacity of naphthalene decreased; as the pH value of the solution increased, the adsorption capacity of naphthalene by biochar decreased. The modifying conditions show that rice husk biochar is more suitable for NaOH modification; and chicken manure biochar is more suitable for HNO₃ modification, and the higher the HNO₃ concentration, the better the adsorption effect. The adsorption mechanism of naphthalene by biochar might be void adsorption, especially microporous adsorption, and there was also a part of π-π interaction.

Key words: biochar, modification, naphthalene, adsorption, mechanism

中图分类号:

X131.2

彭章, 龚香宜, 熊武芳, 王泽亚, 任大军. 改性生物炭对萘的吸附效果与机理[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(8): 1080-1088.

PENG Zhang, GONG Xiang-yi, XIONG Wu-fang, WANG Ze-ya, REN Da-jun. Effect and the Mechanism of Modified Biochar on Adsorption of Naphthalene[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(8): 1080-1088.

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