盆栽水稻对土壤汞富集特征及其影响因素

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.07.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过室内水稻盆栽实验，研究了苏南水稻土在外源无机汞及秸秆还田条件下，成熟期水稻不同器官对汞（Hg）的富集行为，并对稻米Hg积累的影响进行分析。结果表明，土壤外源Hg明显抑制水稻生长，表现为根部、秸秆生物量及产量均显著下降，平均分别下降35%、24%和35%。相同土壤条件下，盆栽稻米Hg含量基本上低于野外调查结果，表明野外稻米中Hg的来源具有多元性特点，也存在其他室内外差异因素的影响。土壤中添加外源Hg，可明显增加成熟期水稻各器官对Hg的富集，稻米、稻壳和秸秆Hg含量平均分别提高220.9、39.5和97.8 μg·kg^-1。在不同盆栽土壤中，秸秆还田对外源Hg向水稻各器官迁移的影响存在异同。土壤pH、CEC、有机质和碳酸钙均可影响稻米对土壤中外源Hg的吸收。稻米富集Hg的能力强于稻壳，土壤中添加外源Hg条件下，稻米对Hg的富集能力提升速率明显高于秸秆。

关键词: 土壤, 汞, 水稻, 富集, 秸秆还田

Abstract:

Pot experiments were conducted to study the accumulation behaviors of mercury (Hg) in different mature rice tissues grown in the paddy soil from South Jiangsu Province, which was treated with exogenous inorganic Hg and rice straw incorporation. In addition, the impact factors of Hg accumulation in the rice grain were analyzed. The results show that exogenous Hg in soils significantly inhibited the growth of rice, with significant decrease in rice root and shoot biomass, as well as rice yield. The average rice root, shoot biomass, and rice yield were decreased by 35%, 24%, and 35%, respectively. The content of Hg in rice grain grown in the pot soil same as the field soil was lower than that of rice grain grown in the field soil, indicating that the Hg sources of rice in the paddy field were diverse, and the impacts of difference between the pot experiment and the field system also existed. The enrichment of Hg in mature rice tissues was increased obviously under the conditions of pot soils treated with exogenous Hg, and the average Hg content of rice grain, rice husk and straw were increased by 220.9, 39.5 and 97.8 μg·kg^-1, respectively. In different pot soil, the impact of rice straw incorporation on the migration of exogenous Hg to various tissues of rice was distinct. Soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic matter (OM) and calcium carbonate can affect the accumulation of Hg in rice grown in soils treated with exogenous Hg. The ability of rice grain to enrich Hg was stronger than that of rice hull. The increasing rate of rice grain enrichment ability to Hg was higher than that of rice straw under the conditions of the experimental soil treated with exogenous Hg.

Key words: soil, Hg, rice, enrichment, rice straw incorporation

中图分类号:

X592

干方群, 管斌, 王建国, 伊茂麒, 尤晓慧, 丁程成, 杭小帅, 梁斌. 盆栽水稻对土壤汞富集特征及其影响因素[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(7): 630-635.

GAN Fang-qun, GUAN Bin, WANG Jian-guo, YI Mao-qi, YOU Xiao-hui, DING Cheng-cheng, HANG Xiao-shuai, LIANG Bin. Accumulation of Mercury in Rice Grown in Pot Experimental Soils and Its Impact Factors[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(7): 630-635.

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