生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 297-307.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.04.002

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

镉胁迫下水生动物的生物标志物研究进展

高天然1,2, 周可新2   

  1. 1. 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 江苏 南京 210044;
    2. 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所, 江苏 南京 210042
  • 收稿日期:2016-02-19 出版日期:2017-04-25 发布日期:2017-04-01
  • 通讯作者: 周可新,E-mail:zhoukexin@aliyun.com E-mail:zhoukexin@aliyun.com
  • 作者简介:高天然(1991-),女,江苏徐州人,硕士生,主要研究方向为环境生态。E-mail:kakabuqi@sina.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201309049)

Advancement of the Study on Biomarkers of Aquatic Animals Exposed to Cadmium Stress

GAO Tian-ran1,2, ZHOU Ke-xin2   

  1. 1. School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
    2. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China
  • Received:2016-02-19 Online:2017-04-25 Published:2017-04-01

摘要:

生物体特定组织或器官内重金属含量可反映环境重金属污染水平,但不能够提供分子水平的信息。生物标志物的变化可用于评估重金属暴露水平及对生物的潜在不利影响。生物标志物包括暴露标志物、效应标志物和易感性标志物。综述了水生动物抗氧化生物标志物、遗传毒性标志物、乙酰胆碱酯酶、金属硫蛋白和热休克蛋白等几种生物标志物监测水体镉污染的原理和应用现状,可为研究镉对水生动物的毒害机制提供参考,为防控重金属污染、保护水生生态系统提供理论依据。

关键词: 重金属, 镉, 水生动物, 生物标志物

Abstract:

The content of heavy metals in a certain tissue or organ of an organism may reflect the level of heavy metal pollution in the environment, but not any information of molecular level. Changes in biomarkers may be used for assessing level of heavy metal exposure and potential adverse effects on living organisms. Biomarkers can be sorted into three major categories: exposure biomarkers, effect biomarkers and susceptibility biomarkers. Principles for using antioxidant, genetic toxicity, acetyl cholinesterase, metallothionein and heat shock proteins biomarkers to monitor Cd pollution of water bodies, and status of their applications are addressed, in an attempt to provide some reference for future studies on mechanism of cadmium toxication of aquatic animals as well as a theoretical basis for prevention and control of heavy metal pollution and protection of the aquatic ecosystem.

Key words: heavy metal, cadmium, aquatic animal, biomarker

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