4种典型有机磷阻燃剂对斑马鱼胚胎毒性及风险评价

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.09.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，有机磷阻燃剂（OPFRs）在各种环境介质中被广泛检出，已经成为全球关注的新型污染物。以斑马鱼（Danio rerio）胚胎为受试生物，研究了磷酸三苯酯（TPhP）、磷酸三正丁酯（TnBP）、磷酸（1，3-二氯-2-丙基）酯（TDCPP）和磷酸三（2-氯丙基）酯（TCPP）4种典型有机磷阻燃剂对斑马鱼胚胎的急性毒性和慢性毒性。测定了斑马鱼胚胎孵化率、存活率、心率、体长、异常率、死亡率等终点指标。在此基础上，依据我国一些水域OPFRs检出情况，开展了初步的风险评价。结果显示，TPhP、TnBP、TDCPP和TCPP对斑马鱼胚胎的急性毒性96 h半数致死浓度（LC₅₀）分别为1.90、2.27、2.32和14.1 mg·L^-1，32 d慢性毒性无可见效应浓度（NOEC）值分别为0.03、0.05、0.05和1.00 mg·L^-1，4种有机磷阻燃剂浓度与斑马鱼胚胎的孵化率、存活率、心率、体长呈负相关关系，与异常率呈正相关关系。TPhP、TnBP、TDCPP和TCPP在我国一些重要水域中具有不同程度的环境风险，部分水域风险熵RQ值大于0.1甚至1，环境风险为中到高，需要引起足够重视。

关键词: 有机磷阻燃剂, 斑马鱼胚胎, 半数致死浓度(LC₅₀), 无可见效应浓度(NOEC), 风险评估

Abstract:

In recent years, organic phosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), widely detected in various environmental media, have become a new type of pollutants of great concern. An experiment was designed to explore acute and chronic toxicity of triphenyl phosphate (TPhP), tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP), tris(dichloropropyl)phosphate (TDCPP), and tris(chloropropyl)phosphate (TCPP) to zebrafish embryos. Hatching rate, survival rate, heart rate, body length, abnormal rate and mortality of zebrafish embryos were measured in the study. On such a basis, preliminary risk assessment of these OPFRs were performed in the light of their detections in some surface waters reported in literature. Results show that TPhP, TnBP, TDCPP and TCPP to zebrafish embryos reached 1.90, 2.27, 2.32 and 14.1 mg·L^-1, respectively, in 96 h-LC₅₀ and 0.03, 0.05, 0.05 and 1.00 mg·L^-1, respectively, in 32 d-NOEC of chronic toxicity. Hatching rate, survival rate, heart rate, as well as body length was negatively related to concentrations of the test substances, while abnormal rate was positively related. Environmental risks of TPhP, TnBP, TDCPP and TCPP varied in some important waters in China. In some waters, RQ values of the OPFRs were greater than 0.1 or even 1, indicating that their environmental risks are in the range from medium to high, which calls for adequate attention.

Key words: OPFRs, zebrafish embryo, LC₅₀, NOEC, risk assessment

中图分类号:

X592

高丹, 同帜, 张圣虎, 吉贵祥, 吴晟旻, 石利利. 4种典型有机磷阻燃剂对斑马鱼胚胎毒性及风险评价[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(9): 836-844.

GAO Dan, TONG Zhi, ZHANG Sheng-hu, JI Gui-xiang, WU Sheng-min, SHI Li-li. Toxicity of Four Typical Organic Phosphorus Flame Retardants to Zebrafish Embryo and Risk Assessment.[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(9): 836-844.

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