五台山地区生态脆弱性评价及其时空变化

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0931

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以五台山地区为研究区，基于生态敏感性-生态恢复力-生态压力度模型，较为全面地选取11个指标构建五台山地区生态脆弱性评价指标体系，以GIS技术为支撑，应用空间主成分分析、重心迁移、差异性分析等方法，对五台山地区2000、2005、2010、2015年4期的生态脆弱性进行评价，并进一步分析其时空变化、重心迁移及差异性特征。结果表明：（1）五台山地区2000-2015年生态脆弱性指数的均值为4.83，整体处于中度脆弱状态，各等级所占的面积虽处于波动状态，但仍以轻度和中度脆弱性为主，重度脆弱区域分布在北部和东北部地区；（2）2000-2015年生态脆弱指数的重心均落在繁峙县境内，且变化幅度较小；（3）2000-2015年3个县级行政区均属于中度脆弱性状态，从高到低依次为繁峙县、五台县和代县；（4）不同土地利用类型的生态脆弱性差异显著。耕地、未利用地和城乡建设用地的生态脆弱性总体水平偏高，处于中度脆弱状态；而林地和草地的生态脆弱性较低，处于轻度脆弱状态。对该地区的生态脆弱性进行定量研究，不仅能正确认识该地区生态脆弱的程度，而且能掌握其空间分布差异，从而进一步对生态脆弱区进行治理，促进资源的有效利用和生态系统的可持续发展。

关键词: 五台山地区, 生态脆弱性, 空间主成分分析, SPR模型, 时空变化

Abstract: To perform the ecological vulnerability assessment of Wutai Mountain Area,the "ecological sensitivity-ecological resilience-ecological stress" model was used with 11 comprehensively selected indicators. GIS technique, assisted by spatial principal component analysis, gravity center model, and differential analysis, were used to evaluate the ecological vulnerability of Wutai Mountain Area in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. Furthermore, the temporal and spatial changes were analyzed along with the ecological vulnerability characteristics. The results show that: (1)The average ecological vulnerability index in Wutai Mountain from 2000 to 2015 was 4.83, described as moderately fragile. There were changes in area of each class, but the overall area was within mild and moderate vulnerability levels. Severe vulnerability was present in the north and northeast area. (2)From 2000 to 2015, the gravity center of ecological vulnerability index was within the Fanshi County, and the gravity center shifts were negligible. (3)Ecological vulnerability of three countries within Wutai Mountain Area was moderately fragile during 2000-2015. The Ecological vulnerability index of Fanshi County, Wutai County and Daixian County were in descending order. (4)The ecological vulnerability varied considerably for different land use types. The ecological vulnerability of cultivated land, unused land, urban and rural built up area was relatively high, within a moderately fragile level. Forest and grassland had relatively low ecological vulnerability index, within a mild vulnerability level. This paper aims to quantitatively assess the ecological vulnerability of the Wutai Mountain Area from 2000 to 2015. The results of the research would be helpful to the correctly understanding of the degree of ecological vulnerability in this region and comprehend its spatial differences for further management of eco-fragile areas, promotion of more efficient utilization of resources and maintaining the sustainable development of the ecosystem.

Key words: Wutai Mountain Area, ecological vulnerability, spatial principal component analysis, SPR model, temporal and spatial changes

中图分类号:

张慧琳, 吴攀升, 侯艳军. 五台山地区生态脆弱性评价及其时空变化[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(8): 1026-1035.

ZHANG Hui-lin, WU Pan-sheng, HOU Yan-jun. Ecological Vulnerability Assessment and Its Temporal and Spatial Changes in Wutai Mountain Area[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(8): 1026-1035.

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