猪粪有机肥中可溶性有机组分对小白菜生长及Cu吸收的影响

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用平衡透析法将猪粪有机肥中提取的可溶性有机质（dissolved organic matter，DOM）分为F₁（<1 kDa）、F₂（1~14 kDa）和F₃（>14 kDa）3个分子质量组分，通过砂培试验研究不同分子质量及浓度DOM对小白菜生长和Cu吸收的影响。结果表明，与对照（超纯水）相比，DOM处理小白菜总根长和根尖数分别增加19%~40%和45%~91%，但对小白菜产量没有显著影响。DOM促进小白菜根系对Cu的吸收，同一分子质量组分中小白菜根系Cu含量呈现随DOM添加浓度增高而增大的趋势，其中，20 mg·L^-1高浓度DOM处理F₁₃、F₂₃和F₃₃（F₁、F₂和F₃这3个分子质量组分DOM在20 mg·L^-1浓度水平下与2.5 mg·L^-1CuSO₄的混合溶液处理）比对照分别显著（P<0.05）提高41%、37%和53%。F₁₃、F₂₂（10 mg·L^-1F₂组分与2.5 mg·L^-1CuSO₄的混合溶液处理）和F₂₃处理显著促进Cu从根系向地上部转运，转运系数较对照分别显著提高36%、48%和46%，F₃₃处理则降低26%。因此，DOM分子质量和添加浓度均影响小白菜对Cu的吸收及转运，高浓度小分子质量DOM可促进小白菜对Cu的吸收及转运。

关键词: 猪粪有机肥, 可溶性有机组分, 铜, 平衡透析法, 小白菜

Abstract: A sand culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with different molecular weights and concentrations on the growth and Cu absorption of Chinese cabbage. The DOM extracted from pig manure was fractionated into three molecular weight components as F₁(<1 kDa), F₂(1-14 kDa) and F₃(>14 kDa) by means of equilibrium dialysis. Results suggest that, compared to the control (ultra-pure water), DOM application treatments increased the total root length and the number of root tips of Chinese cabbage by 19%-40% and 45%-91%, respectively, but no significant change was observed for the yield. Furthermore, DOM enhanced the absorption of Cu by Chinese cabbage roots, and Cu concentrations in roots increased with the application amount of DOM in the same molecular weight component. Compared to the control, treatment with 20 mg·L^-1 of F₁, F₂ and F₃ mixed with 2.5 mg·L^-1 of CuSO₄(F₁₃, F₂₃ and F₃₃) increased Cu concentrations in roots by 41%, 37% and 53% (P<0.05), respectively. Moreover, the treatment of F₁₃, F₂₃ and F₂₂(10 mg·L^-1 of F₂ mixed with 2.5 mg·L^-1 of CuSO₄) significantly promoted Cu upward translocation from roots, with the increments in translocation factors of 36%, 48% and 46%, respectively, compared with the control. However, F₃₃ decreased that translocation factor by 26%. Therefore, the molecular weight and addition amount of DOM can both impact Cu uptake and translocation of Cu in Chinese cabbages, low molecular weight of DOM with high concentration will enhance the accumulation and translocation of Cu.

Key words: pig manure, soluble organic component, copper, dialysis, Chinese cabbage

中图分类号:

黄兴洁, 吴昊, 李婉秋, 李恋卿, 潘根兴. 猪粪有机肥中可溶性有机组分对小白菜生长及Cu吸收的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(1): 80-85.

HUANG Xing-jie, WU Hao, LI Wan-qiu, LI Lian-qing, PAN Gen-xing. Effects of Soluble Organic Components from Pig Manure on the Growth and Cu Uptake of Chinese Cabbage[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(1): 80-85.

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