生物炭对铜污染土壤的修复及水稻Cu累积的影响

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.0635

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨生物炭对Cu污染土壤的修复效果及对水稻Cu累积的影响，以矿区周边Cu污染土壤为研究对象，设置3个梯度的生物炭添加处理（w分别为0、2.5%和5%），分别种植3种水稻（特优009、东联5号和宜优673），进行盆栽试验。结果表明，施用生物炭显著提高土壤pH和水溶性有机碳含量，水稻成熟期各处理土壤pH值和水溶性有机碳含量均低于分蘖期。生物炭显著降低土壤Cu的有效性，添加5%生物炭处理分蘖期和成熟期土壤CaCl₂提取的有效态Cu含量比对照分别降低73.78%~78.96%和87.61%~96.97%。与对照相比，添加5%生物炭处理使水稻成熟期土壤弱酸提取态Cu占比的降幅达到38.34%~48.72%；同时能促进稳定性较强的可氧化态Cu占比增加，增幅为34.24%~46.04%。Cu在水稻根系横截面中分布的分析结果表明，生物炭可抑制土壤中Cu向水稻皮层和中柱迁移，进而减少Cu向水稻地上部的迁移。随着生物炭施加量的提高，水稻根系、谷壳和糙米中Cu含量均显著降低；在3个水稻品种中，生物炭对抑制特优009水稻根系吸收Cu的作用最强。添加5%生物炭处理的特优009、东联5号和宜优673水稻糙米中Cu含量分别降低33.99%、28.39%和40.22%。

关键词: 生物炭, 铜, 水稻, 累积

Abstract: To explore the effect of biochar on the transfer of copper (Cu) in soil-rice system, a pot experiment was conducted with three rice cultivars, namely Teyou 009, Donglian 5, and Yiyou 673 planted in Cu-contaminated soils that had been amended with biochar applications (w=0, 2.5%, and 5% ). The results show that biochar applications increased soil pH and water-soluble soil organic carbon (WSOC) and decreased the soil available Cu significantly. Compared with the control, the CaCl₂-extractable Cu content of 5% biochar application at tillering and maturity stage were reduced by 73.78%-78.96% and 87.61%-96.97%, respectively. At maturity stage under 5% biochar treatment the proportion of acid soluble Cu decreased by 38.34%-48.72%, while the proportion of oxidizable Cu increased by 34.24%-46.04% as compared to the control. With the increasing of biochar applications, the concentration of Cu in rice root, husk and brown rice was reduced significantly. Among the 3 rice varieties, the effect of biochar on inhibiting Cu uptake by root was strongest for Teyou 009. The result of spatial distribution of Cu in rice root show that biochar application apparently decreased the abundance of Cu across the root section, leading to lower Cu levels near the stele, which decreased the probability of Cu transfer to shoot. As a result, Cu content in brown rice of Teyou 009, Donglian 5, and Yiyou 673 under 5% biochar application was decreased by 33.99%, 28.39%, and 40.22%, respectively.

Key words: biochar, copper, rice, accumulation

中图分类号:

X53
X712

李荭荭, 赵明柳, 董海霞, 唐守寅, 王果. 生物炭对铜污染土壤的修复及水稻Cu累积的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(9): 1210-1217.

LI Hong-hong, ZHAO Ming-liu, DONG Hai-xia, TANG Shou-yin, WANG Guo. Effects of Biochar on Remidiation of Peddy Soil Cu Pollution and Reducing Cu Accumulation in Rice[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(9): 1210-1217.

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