福州山区乡村聚落空间格局及其与水土资源的耦合态势

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0296

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 分析山区乡村聚落与水土资源的耦合态势有助于辨析山区乡村的优势与特色，促进区域乡村振兴。以福州山区为例，综合运用GIS手段及空间耦合关联模型分析山区乡村聚落的空间分布特征及其与水土资源的耦合态势。结果表明，2015年福州山区共有乡村聚落斑块5 232个，数量多、规模小，主要分布在海拔650 m以下区域；乡村聚落整体呈现中心聚集、南北扩散的空间格局特征，在各镇域内均为集聚分布类型，具有明显的分异特点；聚落整体与耕地的耦合态势较好，与水系耦合态势一般，空间分布呈现明显的"耕地指向性"和小范围的"水系指向性"，与道路无明显相关性；耕地和水系资源对乡村聚落的影响作用呈现较强的空间异质性，是制约福州山区乡村聚落发展转型的重要因素，自然、经济与社会因素对乡村聚落与水土资源的耦合态势亦产生重要影响。

关键词: 乡村聚落, 空间格局, 水土资源, 空间耦合, 福州

Abstract: The analysis of rural settlements and the water and soil coupling situation in mountain area is helpful to highlight the advantages and characteristics of rural mountain area and promote rural vitalization. With a case study of mountain area in Fuzhou, the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in mountain area and water and soil coupling situation were analyzed based on GIS and spatial coupling correlation model. The results show that: (1) To the year of 2015, there were a total of 5232 rural settlement patches in Fuzhou mountain area, featured in large numbers with small scale, and mainly distributed in the area below 650m of altitude. (2) The rural settlements in each town area showed spatial pattern characteristics of "gather in center as well as diffuse toward north-south " with agglomeration distribution and differentiation. (3) There was a good coupling situation between settlements and cultivated land but less satisfactory coupling with water system, showing obvious "farmland directivity" and small-scale "water system directivity", without obvious correlation with the road. The influence of cultivated land and water resources on villages and towns showed strong spatial heterogeneity, and soil and water resources have become an important factor restricting the development and transformation of rural settlements in Fuzhou mountain area.

Key words: rural settlement, spatial pattern, soil and water resources, spatial coupling, Fuzhou

中图分类号:

F301.24

胡航箫, 戴文远, 徐乙文, 林涛. 福州山区乡村聚落空间格局及其与水土资源的耦合态势[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(2): 164-171.

HU Hang-xiao, DAI Wen-yuan, XU Yi-wen, LIN Tao. Spatial Pattern of Rural Settlements in Fuzhou Mountainous Area and Its Coupling With Water and Soil Resources[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(2): 164-171.

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