生物质炭对土地整治区土壤物理特性的改良效应

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0320

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为改善土地整治区土壤物理条件，以生物质炭为改良材料，探讨了生物质炭对土地整治区土壤物理特性的改良效应。通过大田试验，设置了5个处理，生物炭添加量分别为0、7.5、15、30和45 t·hm^-2，分析了施用生物质炭对土壤容重、饱和导水率、水稳性团聚体、土壤持水性等指标的影响。结果表明：（1）与CK相比，生物质炭可使土壤容重降低1.67%~8.19%，30 t·hm^-2以上处理与CK差异达显著水平；（2）生物质炭可以提高>0.25~0.5 mm粒径水稳性团聚体比例，但对>5 mm粒径的大团聚体占比具有降低作用，使得平均质量直径（MWD）有下降趋势；（3）生物质炭通过调节土壤的释水规律提高了土壤保水性能，进而显著提高土层储水量，但高剂量的生物质炭施用对萎蔫点含水量仅有小幅提高作用。因此，建议将土地整治区的生物质炭用量控制在15 t·hm^-2左右。

关键词: 土地整治, 生物质炭, 土壤物理特性, 改良

Abstract: In order to improve soil physical conditions of land consolidation region, a field experiment was designed to study the effect of biochar addition on soil physical characteristics. The biochar addition treatments (0, 7.5, 15, 30 and 45 t·hm^-2) were set to study the influence of biochar on soil bulk density, saturated hydraulic conductivity, water-stable aggregates, soil water holding capacity and other indicators. The results show that (1) The soil bulk density decreased by 1.67%-8.19% with biochar treatments and when the biochar application rate was >30 t·hm^-2, the soil bulk density was significantly decreased. (2) When compared with CK, >0.25-0.5 mm macro soil aggregates was increased by biochar application treatments, while the >5 mm macro soil aggregates and MWD decreased. (3) The application of biochar increased the water retention capacity by adjusting the soil water release capacity, but higher application of biochar could only slightly increase soil wilting water content. Therefore, it was suggested that the best application rate of biochar to be about 15 t·hm^-2 in land consolidation region, which could improve soil water stable macro-aggregates (>0.25-0.5 mm) and soil water release capacity.

Key words: land consolidation, biochar, soil physical characteristics, fertility betterment

中图分类号:

S156.99

邓建强, 方武军, 王勇, 吴东, 樊俊, 夏鹏亮. 生物质炭对土地整治区土壤物理特性的改良效应[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(12): 1605-1611.

DENG Jian-qiang, FANG Wu-jun, WANG Yong, WU Dong, FAN Jun. Effect of Biochar on Soil Physical Characteristics Improvement in Land Consolidation Region[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(12): 1605-1611.

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