基于植被覆盖度和遥感生态指数的成都市锦江区生态质量评估

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0511

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 快速准确评估城市生态质量及变化对于我国中西部地区高速发展城市的生态建设和环境保护具有重要参考作用。研究选择成都市锦江区2002、2009和2018年Landsat 5/8遥感影像，使用植被覆盖度（FVC）和遥感生态指数（RSEI）对其2002-2018年间的生态质量及变化进行评估，结果发现：（1）锦江区2002、2009和2018年FVC分别为0.522、0.493和0.502，呈先下降后略有回升的整体下降趋势；而RSEI分别为0.526、0.517和0.505，呈连续下降趋势。（2）锦江区整体生态质量一般，在16 a间呈下降趋势，主要表现为生态质量优良区域减少。以新建成区为主的锦江区南部生态质量急剧下降，以旧城区为主的锦江区北部生态质量逐步变好。（3）FVC与RSEI两者之间的空间分布和变化趋于一致，植被覆盖是锦江区生态质量的主要积极影响因素；随着城市的发展，城市建成区是锦江区生态质量的主要消极影响因素。研究结果表明，FVC和RSEI能够反映2002—2018年间的锦江区生态质量及变化状况。

关键词: 成都市, 锦江区, 植被覆盖度, 遥感生态指数, 生态质量

Abstract: Rapid and accurate assessment of urban ecological quality and its change is of important reference to ecological construction and renovating in high-speed developing urban in central and western regions of China. Taking Jinjiang District in Chengdu City as example and choosing Landsat 5/8 images in 2002, 2009 and 2018, the ecological quality and its change in Jinjiang District from 2002 to 2018 were assessed. The results show that: (1) The values of FVC in 2002, 2009 and 2018 were 0.522, 0.493 and 0.502, respectively. It indicates that FVC of the research area decreased first and then picked up during the period of the 16 years, but the overall trend was in a decreasing state. The values of RSEI in 2002, 2009 and 2018 were 0.526, 0.517 and 0.505, respectively. It indicates that RSEI of the research area decreased in the 16 years. (2) The overall ecological quality in the research area was in ordinary status but continued to decline in 16 years. The decline mainly performed as the decrease of excellent and good quality areas. Ecological quality in the south part of the Jinjiang District, which consisted mainly of built-up areas, decreased dramatically. On the contrary, ecological quality in the north part of the Jinjiang District, which consisted mainly of old quarter, increased in the 16 years. (3) The distribution and variation of FVC was highly consistent with those of RSEI. FVC is the major positive factor for the ecological quality of the research area. With the rapid urban development, the built-up area has become the major negative factor. FVC and RSEI can comprehensively reflect the ecological quality and its change of Jinjiang District.

Key words: Chengdu City, Jinjiang District, fractional vegetation cover, remote sensing based ecological index, ecological quality

中图分类号:

X87
TP79

王志超, 何新华. 基于植被覆盖度和遥感生态指数的成都市锦江区生态质量评估[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(4): 492-500.

WANG Zhi-chao, HE Xin-hua. Assessments of Ecological Quality in Jinjiang District of Chengdu City Using the FVC and RSEI Models[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(4): 492-500.

参考文献

[1] GITELSON A A, KAUFMAN Y J, STARK R, et al.Novel Algorithms for Remote Estimation of Vegetation Fraction[J].Remote Sensing of Environment, 2002, 80(1):76-87.
[2] 李微, 宋鑫, 刘伟男, 等.大连市植被覆盖度时空变化研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 42(1):93-98.[LI Wei, SONG Xin, LIU Wei-nan, et al.Research on Spatio-temporal Vegetation Coverage Dynamics in Dalian[J].Journal of Liaoning Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2019, 42(1):93-98.]
[3] VAN DE VOORDE T, VLAEMINCK J, CANTERS F.Comparing Different Approaches for Mapping Urban Vegetation Cover from Landsat ETM+ Data:A Case Study on Brussels[J].Sensors, 2008, 8(6):3880-3902.
[4] JÄNICKE C, OKUJENI A, COOPER S, et al.Brightness Gradient-corrected Hyperspectral Image Mosaics for Fractional Vegetation Cover Mapping in Northern California[J].Remote Sensing Letters, 2020, 11(1):1-10.
[5] KIM J, KANG S, SEO B, et al.Estimating Fractional Green Vegetation Cover of Mongolian Grasslands Using Digital Camera Images and MODIS Satellite Vegetation Indices[J].GIScience & Remote Sensing, 2020, 57(1):49-59.
[6] 王君, 杨晓梅, 隋立春, 等.西安市1995-2016年植被覆盖度动态变化监测及景观格局分析[J].生态科学, 2019, 38(6):81-91.[WANG Jun, YANG Xiao-mei, SUI Li-chun, et al.Dynamic Change Monitoring and Landscape Pattern Analysis of Vegetation Coverage in Xi'an City from 1995 to 2016[J].Ecological Science, 2019, 38(6):81-91.]
[7] 徐涵秋.区域生态环境变化的遥感评价指数[J].中国环境科学, 2013, 33(5):889-897.[XU Han-qiu.A Remote Sensing Index for Assessment of Regional Ecological Changes[J].China Environmental Science, 2013, 33(5):889-897.]
[8] 李红星, 黄解军, 梁友嘉, 等.基于遥感生态指数的武汉市生态环境质量评估[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 42(1):81-90.[LI Hong-xing, HUANG Jie-jun, LIANG You-jia, et al.Evaluating the Quality of Ecological Environment in Wuhan Based on Remote Sensing Ecological Index[J].Journal of Yunnan University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2020, 42(1):81-90.]
[9] 张立伟, 张运, 黄晨.皖江城市带近20 a生态环境变化遥感指数分析[J].长江流域资源与环境, 2018, 27(5):1061-1070.[ZHANG Li-wei, ZHANG Yun, HUANG Chen.Remote Sensing Index Analysis on Ecological Environment Changes in the Recent 20 Years of City Belt in Wanjiang[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2018, 27(5):1061-1070.]
[10] 杨江燕, 吴田, 潘肖燕, 等.基于遥感生态指数的雄安新区生态质量评估[J].应用生态学报, 2019, 30(1):277-284.[YANG Jiang-yan, WU Tian, PAN Xiao-yan, et al.Ecological Quality Assessment of Xiongan New Area Based on Remote Sensing Ecological Index[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(1):277-284.]
[11] 王勇, 王世东.基于RSEI的生态质量动态变化分析:以丹江流域(河南段)为例[J].中国水土保持科学, 2019, 17(3):57-65.[WANG Yong, WANG Shi-dong.Dynamic Change Analysis of Ecological Quality Based on RSEI:A Case Study of the Danjiang River Basin(Henan Section)[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019, 17(3):57-65.]
[12] 杨绘婷, 徐涵秋.基于遥感空间信息的武夷山国家级自然保护区植被覆盖度变化与生态质量评估[J].应用生态学报, 2020, 31(2):533-542.[YANG Hui-ting, XU Han-qiu.Assessing Fractional Vegetation Cover Changes and Ecological Quality of the Wuyi Mountain National Nature Reserve Based on Remote Sensing Spatial Information[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(2):533-542.]
[13] 张文强, 孙从建, 李新功.晋西南黄土高原区植被覆盖度变化及其生态效应评估[J].自然资源学报, 2019, 34(8):1748-1758.[ZHANG Wen-qiang, SUN Cong-jian, LI Xin-gong.Vegetation Cover Change and Ecological Effect Assessment in the Loess Plateau of Southwest Shanxi Province Based on Remote Sensing Image[J].Journal of Natural Resources, 2019, 34(8):1748-1758.]
[14] 孙从建, 李晓明, 张文强, 等.基于遥感信息的吕梁山贫困区生态安全评价[J].中国环境科学, 2019, 39(12):5352-5360.[SUN Cong-jian, LI Xiao-ming, ZHANG Wen-qiang, et al.Evaluation of Ecological Security in Poverty-stricken Region of Lüliang Mountain Based on the Remote Sensing Image[J].China Environmental Science, 2019, 39(12):5352-5360.]
[15] CRIST E P.A TM Tasseled Cap Equivalent Transformation for Reflectance Factor Data[J].Remote Sensing of Environment, 1985, 17(3):301-306.
[16] BAIG M H A, ZHANG L F, SHUAI T, et al.Derivation of a Tasselled Cap Transformation Based on Landsat 8 At-satellite Reflectance[J].Remote Sensing Letters, 2014, 5(5):423-431.
[17] ROY P S, RIKIMARU A, MIYATAKE S.Tropical Forest Cover Density Mapping[J].Tropical Ecology, 2002, 43(1):39-47.
[18] XU H.A New Index for Delineating Built-up Land Features in Satellite Imagery[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2008, 29(14):4269-4276.
[19] SOBRINO J A, JIMÉNEZ-MUÑOZ J C, PAOLINI L.Land Surface Temperature Retrieval from Landsat TM5[J].Remote Sensing of Environment, 2004, 90(4):434-440.
[20] 丁凤, 徐涵秋.TM热波段图像的地表温度反演算法与实验分析[J].地球信息科学, 2006, 8(3):125-130, 135.[DING Feng, XU Han-qiu.Comparison of Two New Algorithms for Retrieving Land Surface Temperature from Landsat TM Thermal Band[J].Geo-Information Science, 2006, 8(3):125-130, 135.]
[21] 覃志豪, 李文娟, 徐斌, 等.陆地卫星TM6波段范围内地表比辐射率的估计[J].国土资源遥感, 2004, 16(3):28-32, 36-41, 74.[QIN Zhi-hao, LI Wen-juan, XU Bin, et al.The Estimation of Land Surface Emissivity for Landsat TM6[J].Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, 2004, 16(3):28-32, 36-41, 74.]
[22] 徐建华.计量地理学[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社, 2014:135-139.[XU Jian-hua.QuantitativeGeography[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Higher Education Press, 2014:135-139.]
[23] 李苗苗.植被覆盖度的遥感估算方法研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院(遥感应用研究所), 2003.[LI Miao-miao.The Method of Vegetation Fraction Estimation by Remote Sensing[D].Beijing:Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2003.]
[24] 李喆, 胡蝶, 赵登忠, 等.宽波段遥感植被指数研究进展综述[J].长江科学院院报, 2015, 32(1):125-130.[LI Zhe, HU Die, ZHAO Deng-zhong, et al.Research Advance of Broadband Vegetation Index Using Remotely Sensed Images[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2015, 32(1):125-130.] [[25] 邓书斌, 陈秋锦, 杜会建, 等.ENVI遥感图像处理方法[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社, 2014:382.
[26] 赵玉.渭南市植被覆盖变化及其与气候因子的相关性[J].生态科学, 2019, 38(5):92-103.[ZHAO Yu.Temporal and Spatial Variation of Vegetation and Its Correlation with Climatic Factors in Weinan City[J].Ecological Science, 2019, 38(5):92-103.]
[27] 陈平, 杨武年, 石磊, 等.基于Dyna-CLUE模型的成都市锦江区土地利用动态模拟研究[J].测绘, 2015, 38(4):163-166.[CHEN Ping, YANG Wu-nian, SHI Lei, et al.Simulation of Land Use Change in Jinjiang District of Chengdu Based on the Dyna-CLUE Model[J].Surveying and Mapping, 2015, 38(4):163-166.]
[28] 张龙刚.东部城市副中心三圣片区开发建设研究与对策[D].成都:四川大学, 2004.[ZHANG Long-gang.The Countermeasure Research of the Sansheng District's Exploitation and Construction in the Eastern Associate Center of the City[D].Chengdu:Sichuan University, 2004.]