青海省草地物候对气候变化的响应

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0400

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究植被物候对气候变化的响应是理解区域陆地生态系统生产力历史和未来变化机制的关键。基于MODIS NDVI数据、草地类型数据、地面物候实测数据,辅以Sen趋势分析法和Person相关分析法,研究了2001-2020年青海省草地物候时空分布特征、变化趋势及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明:(1)随海拔升高,青海省草地生长季始期(SOS)逐渐推迟,生长季末期(EOS)缓慢提前,生长季长度(LOS)不规律变化。(2)SOS集中在4月中旬到5月下旬(110~150 d),79.32%的草地面积SOS呈显著提前趋势,提前速率为0~1.5 d·a^-1,其中,SOS值的排序为山地草甸<温性草原、灌草丛和荒漠<高寒草甸<高寒草原。EOS集中在9月中旬到10月中旬(260~290 d),表现为推迟趋势。LOS为130~180 d,表现为延长趋势。(3)年均降水减少、春季温度升高、气温的极端气候指标增加和最大5 d降雨量减少会导致草地SOS提前。年均气温升高、最大1 d降雨量增加、夏冬气温升高和秋季气温降低使草地SOS呈不显著的推迟趋势。(4)年均降水量增多、日最高气温最大值增加和秋季气温升高会使草地EOS推迟,而年均气温升高会导致草地EOS提前。以上研究结果可为青海省草地适应未来气候变化、草地育种等方面提供借鉴。

关键词: 草地物候, 气候, 青海省

Abstract: The study of the response of grassland vegetation phenology to climate change is the key to understand the history of regional land ecosystem productivity and the mechanism of future change. Based on MODIS NDVI data, grassland type data and ground measurement data, combined with en trend analysis and partial correlation analysis, the temporal and spatial characteristics, trends, stability of changes and their variation characteristics with climate factors of grassland vegetation phenology 2001-2020 were studied. The results show that: (1) with the increase of altitude, the start of growing season (SOS), end of growing season (EOS)and length of growing season (LOS) changed irregularly. (2) SOS was concentrated in mid April to late May (110-150 d), and 79.32% of the area showed a significant advance trend, with a rate of 0-1.5 d·y^-1, the SOS of mountain meadow < temperate grassland, shrub grass and desert < alpine < alpine grassland. EOS concentrated in mid September to mid October (260-290 d), show a delayed trend. The LOA lasted for 130-180 d, show a prolonged trend. (3) The decrease of annual precipitation, the increase of spring temperature, the increase of extreme climate index of temperature and the decrease of maximum 5 d rainfall will lead to the advance of grassland SOS. The increase of annual average temperature, maximum 1 d rainfall, summer and winter temperature, and the decrease of autumn temperature made trend of grassland SOS. (4) The increase of annual precipitation, daily maximum temperature and autumn temperature delay the grassland EOS, while the increase of annual average temperature lead to the advance of grassland EOS. The above results can provide a new understanding of the influencing factors of grassland phenology in Qinghai Province, and also provide a reference for grassland to adapt to future climate change and grassland breeding.

Key words: grassland phenology, climate, Qinghai Province

中图分类号:

X171

姜忠峰, 孙艺涵, 赵胜男, 何文, 李正建. 青海省草地物候对气候变化的响应[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(6): 765-776.

JIANG Zhong-feng, SUN Yi-han, ZHAO Sheng-nan, HE Wen, LI Zheng-jian. Vegetation Phenological Change and Its Response to Climate Change in Qinghai Province[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(6): 765-776.

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