中国乡村人居环境水平演化及其驱动因素的时空异质性

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0469

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 不断提升乡村人居环境水平是顺利推进乡村振兴的重要保障。通过构建中国乡村人居环境水平评价指标体系,采用熵值法、探索性空间数据分析及时空地理加权回归模型,揭示2006-2018年中国30个省份(除西藏、港澳台外)乡村人居环境水平的时空演化特征,并分析中国乡村人居环境水平演化驱动因素的时空异质性。研究发现:(1)中国乡村人居环境水平提升明显,且软、硬环境水平之间的差距逐步收敛。(2)东部地区与中部地区的乡村人居环境水平梯度差距逐渐缩小,西部地区增长迅猛,东北地区的增长动能略显疲软,东部地区的空间结构稳定,表现出"俱乐部收敛"态势,西部地区则存在内部分化。(3)中国乡村人居环境水平受到产业结构、城镇化率、财政扶持、路网密度、开放程度等因素的综合影响,各因素对乡村人居环境的影响呈现出明显的时空异质性特征。因此,要因地制宜配置资源,促进各地乡村人居环境水平均衡平稳持续改善。

关键词: 乡村人居环境, 驱动因素, 时空异质性, 时空地理加权回归模型

Abstract: The continuous improvement of the rural human settlement environment level (RHSEL) is an important guarantee for the smooth promotion of rural revitalization. By constructing an evaluation index system and using a series of spatial data analysis methods, this paper investigates the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of provincial RHSEL in China from 2006 to 2018 and analyzes the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of RHSEL's driving factors. The findings are as follows: (1) China's RHSEL has improved significantly, and the gap between soft and hard environments has been gradually converging. (2) The gradient gap of RHSEL between the eastern and central regions gradually narrowed. The RHSEL of the western region grew rapidly, while the growth momentum of the northeast region was slightly weak. The spatial structure of RHSEL in the eastern region is stable and shows the "club convergence". In contrast, the spatial structure in the western region shows a trend of internal differentiation. (3) The RHSEL in China is comprehensively influenced by industrial structure, urbanization rate, government support, road network density, openness, and other factors, and the influence of each factor on RHSEL is characterized by obvious spatial-temporal heterogeneity. Therefore, it is necessary to allocate resources according to local conditions in rural revitalization, which contributes to promoting the balanced, steady, and continuous improvement of RHSEL.

Key words: rural human settlement environment, driving factors, spatio-temporal heterogeneity, geographically and temporally weighted regression model

中图分类号:

F327

刘滨, 詹晶, 陈鸣. 中国乡村人居环境水平演化及其驱动因素的时空异质性[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(12): 1545-1556.

LIU Bin, ZHAN Jing, CHEN Ming. The Evolution of China's Rural Human Settlement Environment Level and the Spatio-temporal Heterogeneity of Its Driving Factors[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(12): 1545-1556.

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