长三角地区乡村发展评价及时空分异特征

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0744

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以长三角地区作为典型案例地，构建乡村发展评价指标体系，运用改进熵值法测度2000-2018年长三角地区乡村发展水平；综合运用GIS空间分析、ESDA模型等方法分析2000-2018年长三角地区乡村发展分异特征，并运用多元回归模型揭示研究期间长三角乡村发展时空分异的影响因素。结果表明：长三角地区乡村发展水平呈现出持续提升的演化态势，长三角乡村发展东-西向呈递减态势，南-北向呈倒"U"型空间形态。长三角乡村发展表现出"俱乐部趋同"的空间分布趋势；乡村发展局部热点区主要集聚在苏锡常沪、杭绍甬等地区，而冷点区主要分布在皖北地区，形成稳定的低值集聚塌陷格局。经济发展水平、农业现代化、城镇化及交通可达性是影响研究期间长三角乡村发展时空分异的驱动因子，政府政策因素对研究期间长三角乡村发展时空分异表现为宏观的导向效应。

关键词: 乡村发展, 时空分异, 驱动因素, ESDA模型, 长三角

Abstract: This study constructed a system for evaluation of regional rural development using the Yangtze River Delta region of China as an example. The improved entropy method was used to assess the level of rural development, and GIS spatial analysis, ESDA model, and a multiple regression model were used to analyze the differentiating characteristics and influencing factors of rural development in the Yangtze River Delta during 2000-2018. Results show that rural development exhibited an evolving trend of continuous improvement. Rural development decreased from east to west and an inverted U-type spatial pattern was presented from south to north, and the rural development of Yangtze River Delta showed positive autocorrelation. Local hot spots were concentrated primarily in the Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou-Shanghai and Hangzhou-Shaoxing-Ningbo regions, while cold spots were distributed mostly in northern Anhui, forming a stable low-value clustering and differentiation pattern. Economic social development, agricultural modernization, urbanization, and traffic accessibility were important factors affecting the spatiotemporal differentiation of rural development, while policy and institutional factors had a macro guiding effect on rural development differentiation in the Yangtze River Delta region.

Key words: rural development, spatiotemporal differentiation, driving factor, ESDA model, Yangtze River Delta

中图分类号:

X22
K901

张荣天, 张小林, 陆建飞. 长三角地区乡村发展评价及时空分异特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(6): 698-705.

ZHANG Rong-tian, ZHANG Xiao-lin, LU Jian-fei. Evaluation and Spatiotemporal Differentiation of Rural Development in the Yangtze River Delta, China[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(6): 698-705.

参考文献 21

[1]	戈大专,龙花楼.论乡村空间治理与城乡融合发展[J].地理学报,2020,75(6):1272-1286.[GE Da-zhuan,LONG Hua-lou.Rural Spatial Governance and Urban-Rural Integration Development[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2020,75(6):1272-1286.]
[2]	刘彦随,周扬,李玉恒.中国乡村地域系统与乡村振兴战略[J].地理学报,2019,74(12):2511-2528.[LIU Yan-sui,ZHOU Yang,LI Yu-heng.Rural Regional System and Rural Revitalization Strategy in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2019,74(12):2511-2528.]
[3]	MCGEE T G.Managing the Rural-Urban Transformation in East Asia in the 21st Century[J].Sustainability Science,2008,3(1):155-167.
[4]	贺艳华,范曙光,周国华,等.基于主体功能区划的湖南省乡村转型发展评价[J].地理科学进展,2018,37(5):667-676.[HE Yan-hua,FAN Shu-guang,ZHOU Guo-hua,et al.Evaluation of Rural Transformation Development in Hunan Province Based on Major Function Oriented Zoning[J].Progress in Geography,2018,37(5):667-676.]
[5]	CLOKE P.Rurality and Change:Some Cautionary Notes[J].Journal of Rural Studies,1987,3(1):71-76.
[6]	HALFACREE K.Heterolocal Identities?Counter-Urbanisation,Second Homes,and Rural Consumption in the Era of Mobilities[J].Population,Space and Place,2012,18(2):209-224.
[7]	MARSDEN T.New Rural Territories:Regulating the Differentiated Rural Spaces[J].Journal of Rural Studies,1998,14(1):107-117.
[8]	李婷婷,龙花楼.基于转型与协调视角的乡村发展分析:以山东省为例[J].地理科学进展,2014,33(4):531-541.[LI Ting-ting,LONG Hua-lou.Rural Development from Viewpoints of Transformation and Coordination:A Case in Shandong Province[J].Progress in Geography,2014,33(4):531-541.]
[9]	苟兴朝,张斌儒.黄河流域乡村绿色发展:水平测度、区域差异及空间相关性[J].宁夏社会科学,2020(4):57-66.
[10]	王艳飞,刘彦随,李玉恒.乡村转型发展格局与驱动机制的区域性分析[J].经济地理,2016,36(5):135-142.[WANG Yan-fei,LIU Yan-sui,LI Yu-heng.The Spatial Disparity of Rural Transition Development and Regional Characteristics of Its Driving Forces[J].Economic Geography,2016,36(5):135-142.]
[11]	李志江,马晓冬,孙姗姗.苏北乡村转型与土地利用转型的耦合分析:以沛县为例[J].江苏师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015,33(1):36-39.[LI Zhi-jiang,MA Xiao-dong,SUN Shan-shan.Coupling Analysis of Rural Transformation and Land Use Change in Northern Jiangsu:A Case Study of Peixian County[J].Journal of Jiangsu Normal University (Natural Science Edition),2015,33(1):36-39.]
[12]	杨忍,陈燕纯,龚建周.转型视阈下珠三角地区乡村发展过程及地域模式梳理[J].地理研究,2019,38(3):725-740.[YANG Ren,CHEN Yan-chun,GONG Jian-zhou.Evolution and Regional Model of Rural Development in the Pearl River Delta Region,China,under Rapid Transformation Development[J].Geographical Research,2019,38(3):725-740.]
[13]	李红波,张小林,吴启焰,等.发达地区乡村聚落空间重构的特征与机理研究:以苏南为例[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(4):591-603.[LI Hong-bo,ZHANG Xiao-lin,WU Qi-yan,et al.Characteristics and Mechanism of Rural Settlements Spatial Reconstruction in Developed Areas:A Case Study of Southern Jiangsu[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2015,30(4):591-603.]
[14]	乔家君,张羽佳.农业型专业村发展的时空演化:以河南省南阳市专业村为例[J].经济地理,2014,34(4):131-138.[QIAO Jia-jun,ZHANG Yu-jia.Temporal-Spatial Evolution of Agricultural Specialized Villages Development:The Case of Nanyang City,Henan Province,China[J].Economic Geography,2014,34(4):131-138.]
[15]	陈文盛,范水生,邱生荣,等.福建省乡村发展水平及主导类型划定[J].地域研究与开发,2016,35(5):143-148.[CHEN Wen-sheng,FAN Shui-sheng,QIU Sheng-rong,et al.Development Level and Dominant Types Partition of Rural in Fujian Province[J].Areal Research and Development,2016,35(5):143-148.]
[16]	罗静,蒋亮,罗名海,等.武汉市新城区乡村发展水平评价及规模等级结构研究[J].地理科学进展,2019,38(9):1370-1381.[LUO Jing,JIANG Liang,LUO Ming-hai,et al.Rural Development Level of Villages in Wuhan City's New Urban Districts and Its Hierarchical Structure[J].Progress in Geography,2019,38(9):1370-1381.]
[17]	龙冬平,李同昇,于正松,等.基于微观视角的乡村发展水平评价及机理分析:以城乡统筹示范区陕西省高陵县为例[J].经济地理,2013,33(11):115-121.[LONG Dong-ping,LI Tong-sheng,YU Zheng-song,et al.Assessment of Rural Development Level and Mechanism Analysis Based on MicroPerspective:A Case Study of the Demonstration Area of Urban-Rural Intergration in Gaoling County of Shaanxi Province[J].Economic Geography,2013,33(11):115-121.]
[18]	陈宏伟,张京祥.解读淘宝村:流空间驱动下的乡村发展转型[J].城市规划,2018,42(9):97-105.[CHEN Hong-wei,ZHANG Jing-xiang.Taobao Villages:Rural Development Transformation Driven by the Space of Flow[J].City Planning Review,2018,42(9):97-105.]
[19]	张荣天,焦华富.转型期省际城镇土地利用绩效格局演变与机理[J].地理研究,2014,33(12):2251-2262.[ZHANG Rong-tian,JIAO Hua-fu.Performance of Urban Land Use Pattern Evolution and Mechanism in China during the Transformation Period[J].Geographical Research,2014,33(12):2251-2262.]
[20]	ANSELIN L.Local Indicators of Spatial Association:LISA[J].Geographical Analysis,1995,27(2):93-115.
[21]	马利邦,李欢,豆浩健,等.甘肃省县域乡村生活质量空间分异特征及其影响因素[J].生态与农村环境学报,2020,36(10):1251-1259.[MA Li-bang,LI Huan,DOU Hao-jian,et al.Spatial Differentiation Characteristics of Influencing Factors of Quality of Rural Life in Gansu Province[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2020,36(10):1251-1259.]