基于景观生态风险评价的白洋淀流域景观格局优化研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0796

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 174-183.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0796

基于景观生态风险评价的白洋淀流域景观格局优化研究

高星^1,2, 宋昭颖¹, 李晨曦^3,4, 汤怀志⁵

1. 河北经贸大学公共管理学院, 河北石家庄 050061;
2. 河北经贸大学河北省社会经济社会发展地理信息大数据平台, 河北石家庄 050061;
3. 西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室/西安建筑科技大学, 陕西西安 710055;
4. 西安建筑科技大学公共管理学院, 陕西西安 710055;
5. 中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院, 北京 100083

收稿日期:2021-12-20 出版日期:2023-02-25 发布日期:2023-02-24
通讯作者: 宋昭颖,E-mail:zhaoyinghcy@126.com E-mail:zhaoyinghcy@126.com
作者简介:高星(1985-),男,河北石家庄人,副教授,博士,主要从事景观格局过程和土地资源利用研究。E-mail:gaoxing_85@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金(41901261,41701201);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2019023);西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室自主研究课题基金(LSZZ202015)

Landscape Pattern Optimization in Baiyangdian Basin Based on Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment

GAO Xing^1,2, SONG Zhao-ying¹, LI Chen-xi^3,4, TANG Huai-zhi⁵

1. School of Public Administration, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China;
2. Hebei Province Social Economic and Social Development Geographic Information Big Data Platform, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Xi'an 710055, China;
4. School of Public Administration, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Xi'an 710055, China;
5. College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2021-12-20 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-02-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 流域景观生态风险评价是景观格局优化的现实依据,景观格局优化是流域生态环境修复和维护的有效途径之一。以白洋淀流域为研究区,从自然、人类活动和景观因素3个方面选取11个指标,采用空间主成分分析法对流域景观生态风险进行评价,识别出面积大于0.001 km²的水体和面积大于0.005 km²的林地作为生态源地,基于最小累积阻力模型(MCR)和网络结构评价法对流域景观格局进行优化。结果表明:(1)植被覆盖度、径流量等自然因素对白洋淀流域景观生态风险的影响最强烈,景观因素对生态风险的影响最小。(2)白洋淀流域景观生态风险较大,高风险区域位于研究区东南部和西北部,低风险区域零星分布在西部林地中。提取的生态源地总面积为11319.85 km²,占流域总面积的35%。(3)构建了由39条生态廊道和21个生态节点组成的生态网络格局,形成道路型廊道、河流型廊道、绿带型廊道,优化后景观格局网络闭合度、节点连接率、网络连接度较高,景观格局连通度得到明显提升。基于景观生态风险评价的景观格局优化研究,可为全面推进白洋淀流域生态环境维护和修复提供决策参考。

关键词: 景观生态风险, 景观格局, 空间主成分分析, 生态网络, 白洋淀流域

Abstract: Watershed landscape ecological risk assessment is the realistic basis of landscape pattern optimization, and landscape pattern optimization is one of the effective ways of watershed ecological environment restoration and maintenance. Taking Baiyangdian Basin as the study area, 11 indicators were selected from three aspects of nature, human activities and landscape factors. The spatial principal component analysis method was used to evaluate landscape ecological risk of the basin. The water body with an area of more than 0.001 km² and the forest land with an area of more than 0.005 km² were identified as the ecological sources in the basin. Based on the results of the risk assessment, MCR model and network structure evaluation method were constructed to optimize landscape pattern of the basin. The results show that, (1) Natural factors such as vegetation coverage and runoff have the most significant impact on landscape ecological risk in Baiyangdian Basin, and landscape factors have the least impact on ecological risk. (2) The landscape ecological risk of Baiyangdian Basin is relatively high. The high-risk regions are located in the southeast and northwest of the study area, and the low-risk areas are scattered in the forest land in the west. The total area of the extracted ecological source is 11 319.85 km², accounting for 35% of the total area of the basin. (3) The ecological network pattern composed of 39 ecological corridors and 21 ecological nodes has been constructed, forming road corridors, river corridors and green belt corridors. After optimization, it is found that the network closure, node connection rate and network connection degree of the landscape pattern are high, and the connectivity of landscape pattern has been significantly improved. The research of the landscape pattern optimization based on landscape ecological risk assessment is conducive to providing a scientific basis and decision-making reference for the comprehensive promotion of ecological environment maintenance and restoration in Baiyangdian Basin.

Key words: landscape ecological risk, landscape pattern, spatial principal component analysis, ecological network, Baiyangdian Basin

中图分类号:

X826
P901

高星, 宋昭颖, 李晨曦, 汤怀志. 基于景观生态风险评价的白洋淀流域景观格局优化研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(2): 174-183.

GAO Xing, SONG Zhao-ying, LI Chen-xi, TANG Huai-zhi. Landscape Pattern Optimization in Baiyangdian Basin Based on Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(2): 174-183.

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基于景观生态风险评价的白洋淀流域景观格局优化研究

Landscape Pattern Optimization in Baiyangdian Basin Based on Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment

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